COVID-19 and Hyperimmune sera: A feasible plan B to fight against coronavirus

Costa, Camila Braz Pereira da; Martins, Francislene Juliana; Cunha, Luís Eduardo Ribeiro da; Ratcliffe, Norman A.; Cisne, Rafael; Castro, Helena Carla

doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107220

Cited by 21 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…These are homogeneous and selective for a specific epitope of the virus which is not suitable for frequently changing RNA viruses. 23 Furthermore, monoclonal antibodies may lead to a relatively higher chance of selection pressure to promote escape-mutation. 24 Contrary to this, the polyclonal COVID-19 HIG is more versatile and has better coverage for virus strains.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety and efficacy of COVID-19 hyperimmune globulin (HIG) solution in the treatment of active COVID-19 infection- Findings from a Prospective, Randomized, Controlled, Multi-Centric Trial

Parikh

Chaturvedi

Shah

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background COVID-19 hyper-immune globulin (HIG) solution is a human plasma-derived, highly-purified, concentrated, virus-inactivated preparation of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against COVID-19. Methods This was a randomized, two-arm, controlled, multi-center trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of COVID-19 HIG in patients who were hospitalized with moderate-severe COVID-19 infection. Results A total of 60 patients were randomized (30 in each arm). Overall, COVID-19 HIG was well-tolerated without any serious treatment-emergent adverse event or tolerability issue. The mean change in ordinal scale by day 8 was 1.7±1.61 in the test arm vs. 2.0±1.68 in the control arm (mITT; p=0.367). Early and high NAbs were observed in the test arm compared to the control arm. More patients had negative RT-PCR by day 3 for the test arm vs. the control arm (mITT: 46.67% in test vs. 37.93% in control). The median time to be RT-PCR negative was 5.5 days for the test arm vs. 8.0 days for the control arm for PP population. Patients receiving COVID-19 HIG showed early improvement (reduction) in the biomarkers (CRP, IL-6, and D-dimer). Conclusion COVID-19 HIG was found to be safe and well-tolerated. Early and high NAbs were achieved in COVID-19 HIG recipients qualifying the product as a suitable treatment option, particularly in an immunocompromised state. It should be given early in infection to mitigate progression to severe disease. It should be evaluated for post-exposure prophylaxis as well as for prevention (where a vaccine is not suitable or effective). It should be evaluated in the pediatric population as well.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety and efficacy of COVID-19 hyperimmune globulin (HIG) solution in the treatment of active COVID-19 infection- Findings from a Prospective, Randomized, Controlled, Multi-Centric Trial

Parikh

Chaturvedi

Shah

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Section: Human and Heterologous Hyperimmune Polyclonal Antibody Formulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Formulations of equine pAbs against the SARS-CoV S1 glycoprotein control coronavirus infectivity in cultured cells and animal models ( 33 ). Similarly, IgG and F(ab')2 formulations from horses immunized with MERS-CoV virus-like particles exhibit in vivo neutralization ( 33 ). Recently, three F(ab')2 formulations from plasma of horses hyperimmunized with recombinant SARS-CoV-2 S1 glycoprotein or its RBD were described ( 34 – 37 ).…”

Section: Human and Heterologous Hyperimmune Polyclonal Antibody Formulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterologous Hyperimmune Polyclonal Antibodies Against SARS-CoV-2: A Broad Coverage, Affordable, and Scalable Potential Immunotherapy for COVID-19

et al. 2021

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“…However, over the last five decades, substantial advancements in the discovery of potent antimicrobial drugs and effective vaccine development have significantly reduced the use of this strategy. Due to the limited therapeutic options available for COVID-19, the steadily increasing number of COVID-19-related deaths, the financial difficulties faced by some regions that may limit vaccine acquisition, and vaccine hesitancy, serotherapy may represent a viable therapeutic option for improving the clinical outcomes [ 99 ]. Despite limited data supporting the efficiency and safety of serotherapy for COVID-19 patients, evidence has indicated the potential usefulness of this strategy for critically ill patients [ 100 , 101 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insight into the emerging role of SARS-CoV-2 nonstructural and accessory proteins in modulation of multiple mechanisms of host innate defense

Abdalla

Xie

Junaid

et al. 2021

Bosn J of Basic Med Sci

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Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is an extremely infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that has become a major global health concern. The induction of a coordinated immune response is crucial to the elimination of any pathogenic infection. However, SARS-CoV-2 can modulate the host immune system to favor viral adaptation and persistence within the host. The virus can counteract type I interferon (IFN-I) production, attenuating IFN-I signaling pathway activation and disrupting antigen presentation. Simultaneously, SARS-CoV-2 infection can enhance apoptosis and the production of inflammatory mediators, which ultimately results in increased disease severity. SARS-CoV-2 produces an array of effector molecules, including nonstructural proteins (NSPs) and open-reading frames (ORFs) accessory proteins. We describe the complex molecular interplay of SARS-CoV-2 NSPs and accessory proteins with the host’s signaling mediating immune evasion in the current review. In addition, the crucial role played by immunomodulation therapy to address immune evasion is discussed. Thus, the current review can provide new directions for the development of vaccines and specific therapies.

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COVID-19 and Hyperimmune sera: A feasible plan B to fight against coronavirus

Cited by 21 publications

References 99 publications

Safety and efficacy of COVID-19 hyperimmune globulin (HIG) solution in the treatment of active COVID-19 infection- Findings from a Prospective, Randomized, Controlled, Multi-Centric Trial

Safety and efficacy of COVID-19 hyperimmune globulin (HIG) solution in the treatment of active COVID-19 infection- Findings from a Prospective, Randomized, Controlled, Multi-Centric Trial

Heterologous Hyperimmune Polyclonal Antibodies Against SARS-CoV-2: A Broad Coverage, Affordable, and Scalable Potential Immunotherapy for COVID-19

Insight into the emerging role of SARS-CoV-2 nonstructural and accessory proteins in modulation of multiple mechanisms of host innate defense

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