Covid-19 and Guillain-Barré syndrome: More than a coincidence!

Otmani, Hicham El; Moutawakil, Bouchra El; Rafai, M.A.; Benna, Naima El; Kettani, Chafik El; Soussi, Meriem; Mdaghri, N. El; Barrou, H.; Àfif, H.

doi:10.1016/j.neurol.2020.04.007

Cited by 118 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“… EMG/NCS (day 10): markedly ↓ or absent motor and sensory nerve amplitudes in all four limbs, relatively normal conduction velocities and latencies, fibrillation potentials on EMG, overall suggestive of AMSAN. IVIG (0.4 g/kg/day for 5 days), hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin No improvement after one week ( El Otmani et al, 2020 ) Sari, Iran 65, M Five-day rapidly progressive ascending tetraparesis, bifacial weakness, areflexia, & distal limbs numbness Fever, cough, intermittent dyspnea (14 days prior) ↑ ESR & CRP, normal LFT, RFT & electrolytes, positive COVID-19 nasopharyngeal swab Not done Cervical spine MRI: only mild herniation of 2 intervertebral discs. EMG/NCS (day 9): ↓ bilateral median/ulnar/tibial CMAP amplitudes, absent bilateral peroneal CMAP, absent tibial F waves, absent bilateral median/ulnar/right sural SNAPs, ↓ recruitment on EMG, overall suggestive of AMSAN.…”

Section: Neurologic Manifestationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 and nervous system: From pathogenesis to clinical manifestation

Keyhanian

Umeton

Mohit

et al. 2021

Journal of Neuroimmunology

117

146

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Since the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a growing body of evidence indicates that besides common COVID-19 symptoms, patients may develop various neurological manifestations affecting both the central and peripheral nervous systems as well as skeletal muscles. These manifestations can occur prior, during and even after the onset of COVID-19 general symptoms. In this Review, we discuss the possible neuroimmunological mechanisms underlying the nervous system and skeletal muscle involvement, and viral triggered neuroimmunological conditions associated with SARS-CoV-2, as well as therapeutic approaches that have been considered for these specific complications worldwide.

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Section: Neurologic Manifestationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 and nervous system: From pathogenesis to clinical manifestation

Keyhanian

Umeton

Mohit

et al. 2021

Journal of Neuroimmunology

117

146

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“…A total of 18 patients reported in 14 papers [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] were included in this review. The 14 selected papers consisted of 13 case reports and one series.…”

Section: Study Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 4 shows the diagnostic ancillary tests, outcome and treatment. Fourteen cases were from Europe [12,[16][17][18][19][20][22][23][24][25], one from the USA [13], one from China [14], one from Iran [15] and one from Morocco [21]. Ten patients were males whilst eight were females.…”

Section: Study Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In three cases, the normal control values used for nerve conduction studies were reported and the electrophysiological subtype was revised: in two patients an acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP) subtype was confirmed as reported by the authors, whilst in another an AIDP subtype (not specified by the authors) was defined. [16] Neurology: Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation Italy Case report 5 Camdessanche et al, 2020 [17] Revue Neurologique France Case report 5 Padroni et al, 2020 [18] Journal of Neurology Italy Case report 5 El Otmani et al, 2020 [19] Revue Neurologique Morocco Case report 5 Coen et al, 2020 [20] Brain, Behavior, and Immunity Switzerland Case report 5 Gal an et al, 2020 [21] Neurolog ıa Spain Case report 5 Marta-Enguita et al, 2020 [22] Neurolog ıa Spain Case report 5 Scheidl et al, 2020 [23] Journal of the Peripheral Nervous System Germany Case report 5 Ottaviani et al, 2020 [24] Neurological Sciences Italy Case report 5 Juliao Caamaño et al, 2020 [25] Journal of Clinical Neuroscience Spain Case report 5 The most frequent electrophysiological subtype was AIDP (10 patients), followed acute motor and sensory axonal neuropathy (four patients) and acute motor axonal neuropathy found in one patient. CSF was examined in all except four of the patients.…”

Section: Study Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Guillain–Barré syndrome associated with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. A systematic review

Sanctis

Doneddu

Viganó

et al. 2020

Euro J of Neurology

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Guillain-Barr e syndrome (GBS) incidence can increase during outbreaks of infectious illnesses. A few cases of GBS associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection have been reported. The aim was to identify specific clinical features of GBS associated with COVID-19. PubMed, Embase and Cochrane were searched from 1 November 2019 to 17 May 2020 and included all papers with full text in English, Spanish, French or Italian, reporting original data of patients with GBS and COVID-19. Data were extracted according to a predefined protocol. A total of 18 patients reported in 14 papers were included in this review. All the patients were symptomatic for COVID-19, with cough and fever as the most frequently reported symptoms. The interval between the onset of symptoms of COVID-19 and the first symptoms of GBS ranged from À8 to 24 days (mean 9 days; median 10 days). Most of the patients had a typical GBS clinical form predominantly with a demyelinating electrophysiological subtype. Mechanical ventilation was necessary in eight (44%) patients. Two (11%) patients died. Published cases of GBS associated with COVID-19 report a sensorimotor, predominantly demyelinating GBS with a typical clinical presentation. Clinical features and disease course seem similar to those observed in GBS related to other etiologies. These results should be interpreted with caution since only 18 cases have been heterogeneously reported so far.

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“…Interestingly, murine coronavirus antigens were located in the inner nuclear layer of the retina, photoreceptors and Muller cells [25]. This might also be the case of SARS-CoV -2, as reports of neurological associations have been reported such as Guillain-Barré syndrome as a first manifestation of the disease and encephalitis [25][26][27].…”

Section: Disccusionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Ocular manifestations in SARS-CoV-2 positive patients: a systematic review

Vansjalia

Pawa

Pandya

et al. 2020

Expert Review of Ophthalmology

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Objective: Investigate the importance of optical symptoms within SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) patients. Design: Systematic review Methods: Databases searched included Medline, EMBASE, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Clinicaltrials.gov, ProQuest. As well, meeting abstracts from American Academy of Ophthalmology, Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology and Canadian Ophthalmological Society were also considered. Articles underwent two rounds of screening before risk of bias assessment and data extraction. Results: In total, 582 studies were identified. A total of 2064 unique SARS-CoV-2 positive patients are included in this review from 13 different studies that met the inclusion criteria. We observed that the most common ocular symptoms in patients with SARS-CoV-2 were dry eyes, chemosis, epiphora, and blurred vision. The least common symptoms included hyperemia, conjunctivitis and photophobia. Additionally, we observed a unique relationship between patients with ocular manifestations and the severity of the systemic symptoms. Conclusion: Ocular symptoms do not occur commonly among SARS-CoV-2 positive patients; however, this study displays that there is an occurrence of common ocular manifestations such as dry eyes, chemosis, epiphora, and blurred vision. Therefore, increased ocular examinations may aid in diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infections. ABBREVIATIONS: COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019), SARS-CoV-2 (Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) ARTICLE HISTORY

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Covid-19 and Guillain-Barré syndrome: More than a coincidence!

Cited by 118 publications

References 4 publications

SARS-CoV-2 and nervous system: From pathogenesis to clinical manifestation

SARS-CoV-2 and nervous system: From pathogenesis to clinical manifestation

Guillain–Barré syndrome associated with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. A systematic review

Ocular manifestations in SARS-CoV-2 positive patients: a systematic review

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