2020
DOI: 10.1186/s12887-020-02471-5
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COVID-19 and children with Down syndrome: is there any real reason to worry? Two case reports with severe course

Abstract: Background Down syndrome (DS) is characterized by a series of immune dysregulations, of which interferon hyperreactivity is important, as it is responsible for surging antiviral responses and the possible initiation of an amplified cytokine storm. This biological condition is attributed to immune regulators encoded in chromosome 21. Moreover, DS is also characterized by the coexistence of obesity and cardiovascular and respiratory anomalies, which are risk factors for coronavirus disease (COVID… Show more

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Cited by 25 publications
(41 citation statements)
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“…No specific data on COVID-19 prevalence in pediatric patients with DS is currently available. Nevertheless, several case studies were recently described in such patients (Alsahabi et al 2021 ; Kantar et al 2020 ; Newman et al 2021 ; Pontes et al 2020 ). Out of the total of 10 cases presented in these publications, 3 (33%) were admitted to the ICU, 2 (20%) required intubation and none had died.…”
Section: Specific Predisposition To Severe Covid-19 In Dsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…No specific data on COVID-19 prevalence in pediatric patients with DS is currently available. Nevertheless, several case studies were recently described in such patients (Alsahabi et al 2021 ; Kantar et al 2020 ; Newman et al 2021 ; Pontes et al 2020 ). Out of the total of 10 cases presented in these publications, 3 (33%) were admitted to the ICU, 2 (20%) required intubation and none had died.…”
Section: Specific Predisposition To Severe Covid-19 In Dsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Nos primeiros anos de vida, indivíduos com SD apresentam evidências de imunodeficiência combinada, com diminuição dos níveis de interleucinas pró-inflamatórias (IL-2) e níveis elevados de interleucinas antiinflamatórias (IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α) associado à involução tímica acelerada, o que modifica a função imune mediada por células. Tais fatores aliados à presença de cardiopatias congênitas, anormalidades anatômicas e fisiológicas das vias aéreas, hipotonia e microaspirações explicariam a maior incidência de infecções respiratórias, principalmente na infância (Faundes et al, 2021;Kantar et al, 2020;De Toma;Dierssen, 2021).…”
Section: Resultsunclassified
“…Tido isso, estudos demonstraram que essa classe tem prevalência sete vezes maior de pneumonia e apresentam gravidade aumentada em infecções respiratórias, com maior risco de hospitalização, necessidade de terapia intensiva e uso de ventilação mecânica, quando comparados ao grupo controle. Em infecções pelo SARS-CoV-2, ensaios estimaram que a incidência de hospitalização na população com SD foi 8,9 vezes maior (IC: 4,00 -20,0) do que na população geral, para indivíduos entre 30 e 64 anos e esses pacientes eram, em média, 10 anos mais jovens do que o restante da população hospitalizada (Kantar et al, 2020;Santoro, 2020;Olsen, 2020).…”
Section: Resultsunclassified
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