COVID-19: A Review on the Novel Coronavirus Disease Evolution, Transmission, Detection, Control and Prevention

Sharma, Anshika; Farouk, Isra Ahmad; Lal, Sunil K.

doi:10.3390/v13020202

Cited by 394 publications

(220 citation statements)

References 126 publications

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“…The same immune response to an infection exacerbates poor nutritional status and causes increased micronutrient demand [14]. Viral infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide [16], as demonstrated by both seasonal influenza and the recent outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) [17]. A well-balanced diet is essential to achieve an optimal intake of all essential vitamins and elements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beneficial Effects of Oral Administration of a Nutritional Supplement in Asymptomatic and Symptomatic COVID-19 Patients

Pasquale¹,

Francesco²,

Anna³

et al. 2021

JFNS

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As the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic rages, there is an urgent need to identify clinical and laboratory predictors for progression to severe and fatal forms of this disease. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the potential ability of a nutritional supplement to normalize certain hematological, biochemical and immunological biomarkers in patients with and without symptoms of COVID-19. Micronutrients, such as nutritionally essential vitamins and minerals, influence and support every step of the immune response. This investigation was performed by administering a dietary supplement rich in calciferol (vitamin D3), ascorbic acid (vitamin C), folic acid (vitamin B9) and pantothenic acid (vitamin B5) to the enrolled patients for 120 days. All essential elements for a complete physiological enzymatic process. The reported results appear promising from the point of view of the experimental approach adopted. In particular, the scheduled administration of the nutritional supplement rich in micronutrients to asymptomatic and mild to moderate COVID-19 patients has led, in general, to the normalization of the values of some critical biochemical and immunological parameters found to be altered. This nutritional approach, although it does not resolve the disease and therefore does not represent a cure, can improve the quality of life of COVID-19 patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beneficial Effects of Oral Administration of a Nutritional Supplement in Asymptomatic and Symptomatic COVID-19 Patients

Pasquale¹,

Francesco²,

Anna³

et al. 2021

JFNS

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“…COVID-19 асоційована детальність становить, за різними даними, від 25 до 52% [4]. Основними причинами важкого перебігу COVID-19 є ураження легень у вигляді інтерстиціальної пневмонії, ускладненої гострим респіраторним дистрес синдромом та поліорганна недостатність [5].…”

Section: дана робота є ініціативним дослідженнямunclassified

Peculiarities of the Course of COVID-19 in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Receiving Renal Replacement Therapy

Андон'єва¹,

Kolupayev²,

Dubovik³

et al. 2021

Ukr. ž. med. bìol. sportu

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Patients with chronic kidney disease stage 5 belong to the group of patients with the highest risk of complicated course of COVID-19. The purpose of the study was to study the prevalence and clinical and laboratory features of the COVID-19 infection among patients with end-stage of chronic kidney disease who receive renal replacement therapy. Materials and methods. The study included 172 patients with chronic kidney disease stage 5, who were receiving renal replacement therapy and who were diagnosed with COVID-19 for the period from April 2020 to April 2021. According to the type of renal replacement therapy all patients were divided into 3 groups: group 1 – 98 (56.9%) patients who received hemodialysis, group 2 – 60 (34.8%) patients who were on peritoneal dialysis, group 3 – 14 (8.1%) patients with kidney transplantation. The main clinical and laboratory parameters that characterize the course of the COVID-19 infection such as fever, diarrhea, anosmia, the percentage of oxygen saturation, the percentage of lung damage, levels of total protein, albumin, C-reactive protein, urea, creatinine, D-dimer, hemoglobin, leukocytes, platelets were evaluated. Results and discussion. The COVID-19 infection was diagnosed in 172 (38.2%) patients, the vast majority of whom – 110 (63.9%) patients were women with a mean age of 47.4±4.6 years. The analysis of clinical and laboratory parameters revealed the most severe course of the disease in patients with a kidney transplant and in patients who were on hemodialysis. In the group of renal transplant recipients there was a significant increase in the level of D-dimer, as well as a higher percentage of lung damage, compared with the average values of these indicators among patients on hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis, but mortality in this group was 13.3% and was significantly lower than in the group of hemodialysis patients – 27.5%. It should be noted that in patients on renal replacement therapy by the method of hemodialysis, the adequacy of dialysis therapy was insufficient, which led to a more pronounced overall inflammatory response, which was characterized by the highest level of C-reactive protein (64.4±5.1 mg/l), compared with patients in the other study groups. The course of the disease in patients on hemodialysis was also complicated by anemia. In patients on renal replacement therapy by peritoneal dialysis, the COVID-19 infection was characterized by a mild course, with the lowest percentage of lung damage (22.0±2.8%) and fatalities (11.6%). Conclusion. According to our study, the incidence of COVID-19 among patients receiving renal replacement therapy is 38.2%. A more severe course of the disease was registered in the group of patients with a kidney transplant, due to the nature of comorbid pathology, as well as immunosuppressive therapy. The data obtained allow us to consider patients with a transplanted kidney as a risk group for severe COVID-19 infection

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“…On February 11, 2020, the WHO named the disease "coronavirus disease 2019" (COVID- 19), with the etiologic virus being designated as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) [3]. SARS-CoV-2 is thought to have emerged as a spillover of an animal coronavirus that subsequently adapted and acquired the capacity for human-to-human transmission, and then rapidly spread in the human population to cause the fifth pandemic since the 1918 influenza pandemic [4]. As of 15 May 2021, more than 162 million COVID-19 cases have been confirmed, resulting in over 3.3 million deaths [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Transcriptomic and Molecular Pathway Analyses of HL-CZ Human Pro-Monocytic Cells Expressing SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1, S2, NP, NSP15 and NSP16 Genes

et al. 2021

Self Cite

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The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic is a clear and present threat to global public health. Research into how the causative SARS-CoV-2 virus together with its individual constituent genes and proteins interact with target host cells can facilitate the development of improved strategies to manage the acute and long-term complications of COVID-19. In this study, to better understand the biological roles of critical SARS-CoV-2 proteins, we determined and compared the host transcriptomic responses of the HL-CZ human pro-monocytic cell line upon transfection with key viral genes encoding the spike S1 subunit, S2 subunit, nucleocapsid protein (NP), NSP15 (endoribonuclease), and NSP16 (2′-O-ribose-methyltransferase). RNA sequencing followed by gene set enrichment analysis and other bioinformatics tools revealed that host genes associated with topologically incorrect protein, virus receptor activity, heat shock protein binding, endoplasmic reticulum stress, antigen processing and presentation were up-regulated in the presence of viral spike S1 expression. With spike S2 expression, pro-monocytic genes associated with the interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway, regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity, adipocytokine signaling pathway, and insulin signaling pathway were down-regulated, whereas those associated with cytokine-mediated signaling were up-regulated. The expression of NSP15 induced the up-regulation of genes associated with neutrophil degranulation, neutrophil-mediated immunity, oxidative phosphorylation, prion disease, and pathways of neurodegeneration. The expression of NSP16 resulted in the down-regulation of genes associated with S-adenosylmethionine-dependent methyltransferase activity. The expression of NP down-regulated genes associated with positive regulation of neurogenesis, nervous system development, and heart development. Taken together, the complex transcriptomic alterations arising from these viral-host gene interactions offer useful insights into host genes and their pathways that potentially contribute to SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis.

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COVID-19: A Review on the Novel Coronavirus Disease Evolution, Transmission, Detection, Control and Prevention

Cited by 394 publications

References 126 publications

Beneficial Effects of Oral Administration of a Nutritional Supplement in Asymptomatic and Symptomatic COVID-19 Patients

Beneficial Effects of Oral Administration of a Nutritional Supplement in Asymptomatic and Symptomatic COVID-19 Patients

Peculiarities of the Course of COVID-19 in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Receiving Renal Replacement Therapy

Comparative Transcriptomic and Molecular Pathway Analyses of HL-CZ Human Pro-Monocytic Cells Expressing SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1, S2, NP, NSP15 and NSP16 Genes

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