Covert recognition in acquired and developmental prosopagnosia

Barton, Jason J.S.; Cherkasova, Mariya V.; O’Connor, Margaret

doi:10.1212/wnl.57.7.1161

Cited by 106 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…WRMT (W) = Warrington recognition memory test word component (x/50). d' = discriminative power on famous face familiarity test (Barton et al, 2001). Peak activity, cluster size, and MNI coordinates of the fusiform face area (FFA), the superior temporal sulcus (STS), the occipital face area (OFA), the amygdala (AMG) and the orbitotofrontal cortex (OFC) for both the right (R) and left (L) hemisphere, as localized in the group average.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Table 1 we report the prosopagnosic subjects' scores on the Warrington Recognition Memory Test (Warrington, 1984), the Benton Face Recognition Test (Benton and Van Allen, 1972), and the assessment of facial recognition on a famous face familiarity test (Barton et al, 2001). Representative MRI scans are shown in Figure 1, and anatomic templates in Figure 2.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The contribution of the fusiform gyrus and superior temporal sulcus in processing facial attractiveness: Neuropsychological and neuroimaging evidence

et al. 2008

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Current cognitive models suggest that the processing of dynamic facial attributes, including social signals such as gaze direction and facial expression, involves the superior temporal sulcus, whereas the processing of invariant facial structure such as the individuals' identity involves the fusiform face area. Where facial attractiveness, a social signal that may emerge from invariant facial structure, is processed within this dual-route model of face perception is uncertain. Here, we present two studies. First, we investigated the explicit judgments of facial attractiveness and attractiveness-motivated behaviour in patients with acquired prosopagnosia, a deficit in familiar face recognition usually associated with damage to medial occipitotemporal cortex. We found that both abilities were impaired in these patients, with some weak residual ability for attractiveness judgments found only in those patients with unilateral right occipitotemporal or bilateral anterior temporal lesions. Importantly, deficits in attractiveness perception correlated with the severity of the face recognition deficit. Second, we performed a functional magnetic resonance imaging study in healthy subjects that included an implicit and explicit processing of facial attractiveness. We found increased neural activity when explicitly judging facial attractiveness within a number of cortical regions including the fusiform face area, but not the superior temporal sulcus, indicating a potential contribution of the fusiform face area to this judgment. Thus, converging neuropsychological and neuroimaging evidence points to a critical role of the inferior occipitotemporal cortex in the processing of facial attractiveness.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The contribution of the fusiform gyrus and superior temporal sulcus in processing facial attractiveness: Neuropsychological and neuroimaging evidence

et al. 2008

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“…Additionally a forced-choice face selection test was used. This type of test has revealed covert familiarity in some cases of prosopagnosia (Barton, Cherkasova, & O'Connor, 2001), although not in other cases (Barton et al, 2001;Diamond, Valentine, Mayes, & Sandel, 1994).…”

Section: Experiments 4: Scr and Covert Affective Processing In Fementioning

confidence: 95%

Brain potentials reflect residual face processing in a case of prosopagnosia

Bobes

Lopera²,

Comas³

et al. 2004

Cognitive Neuropsychology

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Here, ERPs were employed to characterise the residual face processing of FE, a patient with extensive damage to the ventral temporal-occipital cortex and a dense prosopagnosia. A large N170 was present in FE and he performed well in tests of face structural processing. Covert recognition of the faces of personal acquaintances was demonstrated with P300 oddball experiments. The onset latency of the P300 effect was normal, indicating fast availability of covert memory. The scalp topography of this component in FE was different from that of the P3b, presenting a centro-frontal maximum. FE also presented larger skin conductance responses to familiar than to unfamiliar faces. The amplitudes of both the single-trial P300s and the SCRs triggered by familiar faces were positively correlated with the degree of person-familiarity that FE had for the poser. He performed at chance when asked to select between the face of a familiar person and that of an unfamiliar person on the basis of explicit recognition, whereas he selected more the previously known face if the forced choice was based on trustworthiness or a vague sense of familiarity. The results suggest that in FE, early face processing was relatively intact and covert recognition was fast. Neural structures involved in the processing of emotional or social cues possibly mediate the covert recognition present in FE.

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“…When a person or an object is seen for the first time the 'picture' is stored ready for subsequent recall, but when the person or object are well known, recognition takes place. Both medial temporal lobes participate in both activities, but in the context of focal pathology, face recognition and orientation appears to show right-sided dominance, [8][9][10][11][12][13] whereas shape and object recognition, and the recognition of text appear to show left-sided dominance. 14,15 Damage to the temporal lobes can therefore result in a variety of patterns of impaired recognition with right-sided damage being more likely to cause impaired face recognition (prosopagnosia) and left-sided damage being more likely to cause impaired shape and object recognition 16 perhaps associated with difficulties with reading.…”

Section: Recognising What Is Seenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Not recognising people and getting lost The temporal lobes contain the visual memory banks and allow us to recognise what we are looking at. The process of recognition is served on both sides, but there is a degree of lateralisation of function, with the fusiform gyrus of the right temporal lobe 36,37 primarily serving the function of recognition of people's faces [9][10][11][12][13]38 (except perhaps in left-handed people). 39 Damage to this area 40,41 or the adjacent white matter 42 leads to problems with face recognition or prosopagnosia.…”

Section: Clinical Presentations In Adultsmentioning

confidence: 99%