Covert contrast in velar fronting: An acoustic and ultrasound study

Byun, Tara McAllister; Buchwald, Adam; Mizoguchi, Ai

doi:10.3109/02699206.2015.1056884

Cited by 33 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(49 reference statements)

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“…Ultrasound tongue imaging (UTI) is a relatively new tool to clinical phonetics, with as far as we are aware only one recent study using it to identify covert contrast (McAllister-Byun, Buchwald & Mizoguchi, 2015) and a different study by Bressmann, Radovanovic, Kulkarni, Klaiman, and Fisher (2011) using the technique to show covert articulatory movements in speakers with cleft palate. UTI uses standard medical ultrasound to image the tongue in real-time making it suitable for visual biofeedback therapy, with over 20 small studies showing it to be effective for treating persistent speech sound disorders (see for example, Cleland, Scobbie & Wrench, 2015) and other studies using it for fine articulatory analysis of lingual movements when synchronised to the acoustic signal (for example, Heyde, Scobbie, Lickley, and Drake, 2015).…”

Section: Ultrasound Tongue Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In both views, the imageable area is constrained by shadows from bone, with the tongue tip in particular being susceptible to a shadow from the mandible. Unlike EPG, the speaker is not required to have any custom-made appliances and as such it is potentially a quicker and easier way to identify covert contrast (McAllister Byun et al, 2015) which might translate to the clinic if simple analysis methods can be found. The purpose this this study was therefore to contribute one such analysis method so that ultrasound can be used for diagnosis of specific types of speech disorders (Bressmann et al, 2011) and remediation of the same errors .…”

Section: Ultrasound Tongue Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Covert contrast and covert errors in persistent velar fronting

Cleland

Scobbie

Heyde

et al. 2016

Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics

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Acoustic and articulatory studies demonstrate covert contrast in perceptually neutralised phonemic contrasts in both typical children and children with speech disorders. These covert contrasts are thought to be relatively common and symptomatic of phonetic speech disorders. However, clinicians in the speech therapy clinic have had no easy way of identifying this covertness. This study uses ultrasound tongue imaging to compare tongue contours for /t/ and /k/ in seven children with persistent velar fronting. We present a method of overlaying tongue contours to identify covert contrast at the articulatory level. Results show that all seven children, contrary to expectations, produced both /t/ and /k/ with near-identical tongue shapes showing no evidence of covert contrast. However, further analysis of one of the participants showed highly variable tongue shapes for /t/ and /k/, including retroflex productions of both. Although not phonologically conditioned, this covert error is evidence of speech disorder at the phonetic level.

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Section: Ultrasound Tongue Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ultrasound Tongue Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Covert contrast and covert errors in persistent velar fronting

Cleland

Scobbie

Heyde

et al. 2016

Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics

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“…However, it is possible that, for specific distinctions, as the contrast of the articulatory point, the difference has been marked in a not measured parameter. The use of the covert contrast was observed in the English data (29) , in the speech of only one child with velar anteriorization, by acoustic and ultrasound measures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, instead of affirming the existence of this kind of contrast, it was chosen to assume the idea that the proportions of the significant axes cannot be sensible to the detection of covert contrasts. This way, it was possible infer a superiority of the acoustical analysis in the understanding of data covert gestures and analysis here considered, consenting with the findings of another study (29) . However, it is possible that, for specific distinctions, as the contrast of the articulatory point, the difference has been marked in a not measured parameter.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parâmetros acústicos e articulatórios durante a produção do contraste entre oclusivas alveolares e velares: dados típicos e de desvio fonológico

Melo

Mota

Berti

2017

Audiol., Commun. Res.

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Introduction: Speech instrumental analysis, such as acoustic and articulatory (e.g. ultrasound tongue images) may identify speakers' undetected linguistic skills through auditory perceptual analysis. Purpose: To compare the acoustic and articulatory parameters between alveolar and velar stops and between children with typical speech development and children with phonological disorders. Methods: The sample consisted of fifteen children with typical speech development and seven children with phonological disorders. The corpus was organized through the target-words: /'kap/, /'tap/, /'galo/ and /'da/, into carrier phrase and spontaneously named. Simultaneous audio and video (tongue ultrasound images) recording were performed. The data was analyzed in acoustic and articulatory ways. Results: Six (spectral peak, centroid, variance, skewness, kurtosis and consonant-vowel transition) of the nine acoustic parameters investigated did not demonstrate any distinctions between children with and without speech alterations. Only spectral peak and consonant-vowel transition values were not significant for differentiating the target contrast. In relation to the ultrasound data, the proportion of significant axes of the tongue's anterior and posterior region showed some significant variations in the typical group, different from the group with phonological disorders. The tongue curves also evidenced particularities between the groups. Conclusion: The acoustic and articulatory parameters provided evidence about the phonic contrast between alveolar and velar stops in the studied sample. It was observed an articulatory refining of children with typical speech development and the presence of covert contrast in the speech of children with phonological disorders.

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“…Ultrasound imaging may also be useful diagnostically, e.g., to characterize errors in lingual shapes, 26,27 , or to identify sub-perceptible or covert contrasts in disordered speech 28,29 . If precise articulatory measurements are being obtained and compared, it is essential that the ultrasound be stabilized so that the coordinate space for measurement remains reasonably constant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound Images of the Tongue: A Tutorial for Assessment and Remediation of Speech Sound Errors

Preston

Byun

Boyce

et al. 2017

JoVE

Self Cite

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Diagnostic ultrasound imaging has been a common tool in medical practice for several decades. It provides a safe and effective method for imaging structures internal to the body. There has been a recent increase in the use of ultrasound technology to visualize the shape and movements of the tongue during speech, both in typical speakers and in clinical populations. Ultrasound imaging of speech has greatly expanded our understanding of how sounds articulated with the tongue (lingual sounds) are produced. Such information can be particularly valuable for speech-language pathologists. Among other advantages, ultrasound images can be used during speech therapy to provide (1) illustrative models of typical (i.e. "correct") tongue configurations for speech sounds, and (2) a source of insight into the articulatory nature of deviant productions. The images can also be used as an additional source of feedback for clinical populations learning to distinguish their better productions from their incorrect productions, en route to establishing more effective articulatory habits.Ultrasound feedback is increasingly used by scientists and clinicians as both the expertise of the users increases and as the expense of the equipment declines. In this tutorial, procedures are presented for collecting ultrasound images of the tongue in a clinical context. We illustrate these procedures in an extended example featuring one common error sound, American English /r/. Images of correct and distorted /r/ are used to demonstrate (1) how to interpret ultrasound images, (2) how to assess tongue shape during production of speech sounds, (3), how to categorize tongue shape errors, and (4), how to provide visual feedback to elicit a more appropriate and functional tongue shape. We present a sample protocol for using real-time ultrasound images of the tongue for visual feedback to remediate speech sound errors. Additionally, example data are shown to illustrate outcomes with the procedure.

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Covert contrast in velar fronting: An acoustic and ultrasound study

Cited by 33 publications

References 33 publications

Covert contrast and covert errors in persistent velar fronting

Covert contrast and covert errors in persistent velar fronting

Parâmetros acústicos e articulatórios durante a produção do contraste entre oclusivas alveolares e velares: dados típicos e de desvio fonológico

Ultrasound Images of the Tongue: A Tutorial for Assessment and Remediation of Speech Sound Errors

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