Cover Picture: Macromol. Chem. Phys. 8/2004

Renker, Sabine; Mahajan, Surbhi; Babski, Diane T.; Schnell, Ingo; Jain, Anurag; Gutmann, Jochen S.; Zhang, Yuangming; Grüner, Sol M.; Spieß, Hans Wolfgang; Wiesner, Ulrich

doi:10.1002/macp.200490021

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…If we consider the block copolymer morphology as a scaffold in which to perform selective chemistries, numerous opportunities arise. For example, Brinker and co-workers, 88 Stuckey and co-workers, [89][90][91][92] Wiesner and co-workers, [93][94][95][96] and Hillmyer and coworkers [97][98] have all used the microphaseseparated morphology as a scaffold for chemistries to generate inorganic templates. Selective dissolution of the reactants in the microdomains or the integration of reactants within the copolymer chains has allowed the conversion of the block copolymers to a porous ceramic, maintaining the domain structure of the original block copolymer.…”

Section: Template Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Block Copolymer Lithography: Merging “Bottom-Up” with “Top-Down” Processes

Hawker¹,

Russell²

2005

MRS Bull.

618

565

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As the size scale of device features becomes ever smaller, conventional lithographic processes become increasingly more difficult and expensive, especially at a minimum feature size of less than 45 nm. Consequently, to achieve higher-density circuits, storage devices, or displays, it is evident that alternative routes need to be developed to circumvent both cost and manufacturing issues.An ideal process would be compatible with existing technological processes and manufacturing techniques; these strategies, together with novel materials, could allow significant advances to be made in meeting both short-term and long-term demands for higher-density, faster devices. The self-assembly of block copolymers (BCPs), two polymer chains covalently linked together at one end, provides a robust solution to these challenges. As thin films, immiscible BCPs self-assemble into a range of highly ordered morphologies where the size scale of the features is only limited by the size of the polymer chains and are, therefore, nanoscopic.While self-assembly alone is sufficient for a number of applications in fabricating advanced microelectronics, directed, self-orienting, self-assembly processes are also required to produce complex devices with the required density and addressability of elements to meet future demands. Both strategies require the design and synthesis of polymers that have well-defined characteristics such that the necessary fine control over the morphology, interfacial properties, and simplicity of processes can be realized. By combining tailored self-assembly processes (a “bottom-up” approach) with microfabrication processes (a “top-down” approach), the ever-present thirst of the consumer for faster, better, and cheaper devices can be met in very simple, yet robust, ways. The integration of novel chemistries with the manipulation of self-assembly will be treated in this article.

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Section: Template Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Block Copolymer Lithography: Merging “Bottom-Up” with “Top-Down” Processes

Hawker¹,

Russell²

2005

MRS Bull.

618

565

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As the understanding of block copolymer self-assembly phenomena has developed, attempts by researchers to exploit them for their potential to orient other chemical species, 17 such as biomolecules, 34,35 organometallic catalysts, 36 and inorganic materials, 37 on the nanometer scale have been aimed at a variety of nanoscale applications, 38 including the preparation of photonic 39 and nanoporous materials. 40 Metal-containing block copolymers have been and continue to be appealing synthetic targets because of their potential utility as processable precursors to electronic or magnetic materials or as frameworks for the synthesis of ceramics and metallic nanostructures.…”

Section: Spatial Organization With Block Copolymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid metal–polymer composites from functional block copolymers

Grubbs

2005

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

142

102

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ABSTRACT:The combination of metals and polymers in hybrid materials is a research area of great current interest. A number of methods for controlling the positioning of metallic species within polymer matrices on the nanometer scale have been developed. This highlight focuses on the use of functional block copolymers for the localization of metal species, especially nanoparticles, on the nanometer scale through block copolymer phase segregation. Research from the author's group on the use of alkyne-functional block copolymers for the preparation of cobalt-containing materials is discussed in this context.

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“…A general procedure to design ceramic nano-objects with tunable shape, which includes planar flakes, has been reported using polyisoprene-polyethyleneoxide block copolymer templates. [23][24][25] Yet, no work has been reported up to date on carbon nanoflakes, which, as a result of their high selectivity, would have even larger relevance for polymer based membranes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Carbon Nanoflakes with High Aspect Ratio by Pyrolysis of Cured Templates of Block Copolymer and Phenolic Resin

et al. 2007

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Selective separation of gases such as O 2 /N 2 or CO 2 /CH 4 through membranes is a rapidly growing field in industrial gas production. 1 Additionally the oxygen separation process is central, for example, in packaging requirements for pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetics applications, where diffusion of oxygen has to be hindered. The majority of today's gas separation membranes are based on polymeric hollow-fiber modules. 1 Efficient materials permitting good selectivity and high permeation to be achieved have been proposed, such as microporous zeolites or carbon based materials. [2][3][4][5][6][7] Microporous carbon materials 8,9 have uniform pore sizes of several angstroms and have particularly interesting gas separation properties. To limit their high processing cost and inherent brittleness, these materials are often combined with polymer matrices to yield polymeric membranes with efficient selective separation performance. [10][11][12][13][14] Enhanced O 2 /N 2 or CO 2 /CH 4 selectivity has been achieved by using spherical microporous carbon particles with diameter from submicrometer to a few micrometers 12 or using high aspect ratio planar flakes made of aluminophosphate. 13 Recent efforts toward suitable design of carbon nanoobjects 15-17 possibly serving as sieves have focused on the design of spherical 15,16 and cylindrical 17 structures and other mesoporous carbon matrix materials including gyroid structures. [18][19][20][21][22] Yet, to obtain high gas permeation rates the thickness of the selective separation layer has to be very thin 1 (<0.5 μm) which makes of utmost importance the design of the shape and aspect ratio of zeolites, carbon, or ceramic molecular sieve materials. When using flakes, in particular, the planar shape of the sieves allows, in principle, aligning the flakes parallel to the membrane surface, enabling very thin membranes.A general procedure to design ceramic nano-objects with tunable shape, which includes planar flakes, has been reported using polyisoprene-polyethyleneoxide block copolymer templates. [23][24][25] Yet, no work has been reported up to date on carbon nanoflakes, which, as a result of their high selectivity, would have even larger relevance for polymer based membranes.Here we report a strategy to design microporous carbon nanoflakes, by combining the self-assembly of block copolymer templates, selective swelling of a specific mesophase by phenolics low molecular weight compounds, and controlled chemical pyrolysis at moderate temperature. A schematic representation of the procedure followed is reported in Figure 1.Low polydispersity index (PI ) 1.09) polystyrene-blockpoly(4-vinylpyridine) (PS-P4VP; number average total molecular weight, M n ) 45 600 g/mol, 12% P4VP) was selected as block copolymer template (Polymer Source, Inc.). This block copolymer alone formed P4VP spheres in a continuous PS matrix; see Supporting Information Figure S1. When mixed with phenolic resin (Vulkadur RB, Bayer, Ltd.) and hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) as the curing agent (phenolic re...

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Cover Picture: Macromol. Chem. Phys. 8/2004

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Block Copolymer Lithography: Merging “Bottom-Up” with “Top-Down” Processes

Block Copolymer Lithography: Merging “Bottom-Up” with “Top-Down” Processes

Hybrid metal–polymer composites from functional block copolymers

Functional Carbon Nanoflakes with High Aspect Ratio by Pyrolysis of Cured Templates of Block Copolymer and Phenolic Resin

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