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Nakashima, Naotoshi; Ishii, Tatsuyoshi; Shirakusa, Masaharu; Nakanishi, Teruyuki; Murakami, Hiroto; Sagara, Takamasa

doi:10.1002/1521-3765(20010417)7:8<1577::aid-chem15770>3.0.co;2-b

Cited by 30 publications

(44 citation statements)

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“…The conformations of such modified fullerene molecules are uniquely different from those of traditional chain-based surfactants such as lipids [16], replacing their flexible hydrocarbon chains with rigid hydrocarbon balls. This should not be confused with other fullerenemodified surfactants or phospholipids that still contain long alkyl chains as the main hydrophobic parts of the amphiphilic molecule [17][18][19]. In our case, the fullerene ball itself is the main hydrophobic part of the molecule.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Multilayer vesicles and vesicle clusters formed by the fullerene-based surfactant C60(CH3)5K

Bürger

Hao

Qian

et al. 2004

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Multilayer vesicles and vesicle clusters formed by the fullerene-based surfactant C60(CH3)5K

Bürger

Hao

Qian

et al. 2004

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

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“…To this end, fullerenes are ideal candidates, both because of their excellent electronic properties-most of their derivatives have so far shown to be outstanding electron acceptors (10-15)-and because their amphiphilic derivatives were recently found to self-assemble at the nanometer scale to furnish nanorod and vesicle patterns (16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26). Fullerenes, in fact, have a strong tendency to form clusters of different sizes, especially in polar solvents (27,28).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Supramolecular self-assembled fullerene nanostructures

Georgakilas

Pellarini

Prato

et al. 2002

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

193

112

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Four ionic fullerene derivatives, which are relatively soluble in polar solvents, are shown to organize into morphologically different nanoscale structures. Spheres, nanorods, and nanotubules form in water depending on the side chain appendage of the fullerene spheroid. Images at different nanoscale structures were obtained via transmission electron microscopy. Also, computer simulations were used for investigating the relative spatial arrangements. The efficient method to fabricate almost perfect and uniformly shaped nanotubular crystals, which order spontaneously by self-assembly, opens the way to the possibility of exploiting the fullerene properties at the nanometer scale.T he ability to engineer distinct one-, two-, or threedimensional patterns at the supramolecular level by modifying specific chemical components is a crucial step toward nanometer-sized technology (1, 2). Preliminary and successful methodologies have yielded a large variety of noncovalently bonded structures in solutions and crystals. However, the possibility of regulating size and shape of nanostructures in relation to function remains a current challenge of exceptional interest (3-9). It is therefore expected that the rules of nanopatterning of organic molecules, either spontaneous or induced, once understood, can play a major role in future and emerging technologies.Fundamental requisites, accompanying the addition of welldesigned chemical functionalities to drive self-assembly processes to (pre)determined mesoscopic shapes of controlled sizes and outer-shell structures, are the conservation, and possibly even the enhancement, of the molecular level properties. To this end, fullerenes are ideal candidates, both because of their excellent electronic properties-most of their derivatives have so far shown to be outstanding electron acceptors (10-15)-and because their amphiphilic derivatives were recently found to self-assemble at the nanometer scale to furnish nanorod and vesicle patterns (16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26). Fullerenes, in fact, have a strong tendency to form clusters of different sizes, especially in polar solvents (27,28). Aggregation of C 60 units may cause a significant change in their photochemical and photophysical properties, as compared with isolated molecules in solution (12). Of course, this change can have a profound influence on fullerenebased optical and electronic materials (29,30). For instance, aggregation of fullerene spheroids was shown to play a crucial role in the preparation of photovoltaic cells (31).Also, biological tests of fullerenes, which are usually carried out in aqueous solutions, are heavily affected by aggregation (32). Basically, dissolution of unmodified C 60 or monofunctionalized organofullerenes is always accompanied by a high degree of clustering.Here, we show that the hydrophobic fullerene core, combined with hydrophilic ammonium groups and also with other selforganizing groups, assembles into three fundamentally different low-dimensional shapes and, in particular, it is demons...

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“…This material is also suitable for efficient electron-transfer reduction because of the minimal changes in structure and solvation associated with electron transfer [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%