Cover crops to increase soil microbial diversity and mitigate decline in perennial agriculture. A review

Vukicevich, Eric; Lowery, Tom; Bowen, Pat; Úrbez-Torres, J. R.; Hart, Miranda M.

doi:10.1007/s13593-016-0385-7

Cited by 256 publications

(183 citation statements)

References 148 publications

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“…Recently, Banerjee et al (2019) found a negative relationship between increasingly intensive agricultural management practices and node, edge and edge betweenness values within AMF community networks. Here the CA network had the greatest nodes, edges and edge betweenness values and corresponded to the least intense practice as no-till, whilst also incorporating an alfalfa cover crop that could further benefit AMF biodiversity (Vukicevich et al, 2016). Therefore, the biodiversity, community composition and network properties of the AMF were in strong agreement with previous research on positive and negative drivers of AMF communities.…”

Section: Time and Cropping System Effects On Diversity And Community supporting

confidence: 85%

Cropping systems impact changes in soil fungal, but not prokaryote, alpha-diversity and community composition stability over a growing season in a long-term field trial

Finn

Lee

Lanzén

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Resistance is the capacity for a community to remain unchanged, and resilience the capacity to return to an original state, in response to disturbance. Increasing species richness may increase both dynamics. In a long-term agricultural field experiment incorporating conventional (CON), integrated (INT), conservation (CA) and organic (ORG) cropping systems, the effects of crop harvest and fallow period on the disturbance of prokaryote, fungal and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) communities were investigated. It was hypothesised that: 1) change in composition observed over time due to disturbance differs between systems; 2) species-rich prokaryote communities demonstrate greater resistance and resilience than speciespoor AMF; 3) key functional groups are more stable under systems that promote richness. Prokaryote community structure shifted over the growing season, forming distinct saprotroph-and rhizosphere-dominated communities over-winter and under mature crops, respectively. Management did not alter their response to disturbance, and they demonstrated the highest resistance/resilience. Fungal richness and resistance/resilience was highest under CA with a unique composition. AMF richness and resistance/resilience was lowest under CON with a fractured composition.Prokaryote plant-growth promoters and saprotrophs, but not ammonia oxidisers and methylotrophs, were stable functional groups. Diverse, cosmopolitan soil fungal genera were stable, but most were not. Glomus AMF were stable, while most other genera were stable under CA and ORG. These results demonstrate that practices promoting richness increase the stability of soil fungal communities, while prokaryote communities are more dynamic in structure. This may have consequences for the stability of fungal-and specific prokaryote-driven functions in response to crop harvest. 2015; Banerjee et al., 2019) and shift communities to favour Proteobacteria over

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Section: Time and Cropping System Effects On Diversity And Community supporting

confidence: 85%

Cropping systems impact changes in soil fungal, but not prokaryote, alpha-diversity and community composition stability over a growing season in a long-term field trial

Finn

Lee

Lanzén

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Both groups of organisms are neither discussed in the context of causing agents nor considered at all in the current ARD literature (Utkhede, 2006;Mazzola and Manici, 2012;Vukicevich et al, 2016). Nevertheless, there is much evidence in the literature that soil mesofauna affects not only bacterial and fungal communities in the rhizosphere, i.e.…”

Section: Soil Fauna Affecting Ardmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apple Replant Disease: Causes and Mitigation Strategies

Winkelmann¹,

Smalla²,

Amelung³

et al. 2019

Current Issues in Molecular Biology

100

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“…A good candidate is the use of cover crops (CC), which have been shown to increase crop productivity (Scopel et al, 2013), while providing a range of benefits, such as soil erosion prevention, increased soil fertility, weed and pest suppression, reduced nitrate leaching and enhanced N recycling, increased soil organic matter content (Fuentes et al, 2009;Roldán et al, 2003). In combination with soil tillage, CC alters soil functioning by modifying soil properties (e.g., moisture, quantity, and quality of organic C inputs; Kladivko, 2001;Vukicevich, Lowery, Bowen, Úrbez-Torres, & Hart, 2016) and soil microbial communities (e.g., community composition and function; Bender, Wagg, & van der Heijden, 2016;Schmidt, Gravuer, Bossange, Mitchell, & Scow, 2018). CC drive microbial community composition via C inputs: labile compounds with a low molecular weight promote fast-growing copiotrophic microbes, while more recalcitrant compounds such as lignin favours oligotrophic microbes (Cotrufo, Wallenstein, Boot, Denef, & Paul, 2013;Vukicevich et al, 2016).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cover crops in arable lands increase functional complementarity and redundancy of bacterial communities

Alahmad

Decocq

Spicher

et al. 2018

Journal of Applied Ecology

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Reducing the deleterious effects of intensive tillage and fertilization on ecosystem integrity and human health is challenging for sustainable agriculture. The use of cover crops has been advocated as a suitable technique for this purpose, but scientific evidence to support this has been scarce. After four years and a complete rotation, including wheat, maize, and green pea as main crops in a ploughing system, we investigated the respective and combined effects of cover crops and nitrogen fertilization on soil chemical and biological properties using a controlled experiment combining soil chemical analyses, high‐throughput sequencing and community level physiological profiles. Cover crops impeded the soil carbon and nitrogen depletion induced by intensive tillage, not only in the topsoil but also within deeper soil horizons, where more specialized bacterial communities established. Cover crops induced a significant shift in soil bacterial community diversity and composition, which was associated with changes in soil chemical features and bacterial metabolic activities along the entire soil profile. Cover crops enhanced soil resilience to nitrogen fertilization by increasing functional redundancy and complementarity within soil bacterial communities and across soil horizons. Synthesis and applications. In the ploughing systems commonly used for intensive agriculture in Western Europe, the use of cover crops fosters a high functional diversity among soil bacteria and thus can help to achieve a more sustainable agriculture by reducing nitrogen fertilization while maintaining yields.

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Cover crops to increase soil microbial diversity and mitigate decline in perennial agriculture. A review

Abstract: Commercial perennial agriculture is prone to declining productivity due to negative plant

Cited by 256 publications

References 148 publications

Cropping systems impact changes in soil fungal, but not prokaryote, alpha-diversity and community composition stability over a growing season in a long-term field trial

Cropping systems impact changes in soil fungal, but not prokaryote, alpha-diversity and community composition stability over a growing season in a long-term field trial

Apple Replant Disease: Causes and Mitigation Strategies

Cover crops in arable lands increase functional complementarity and redundancy of bacterial communities

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