The first chemical observations on the mucilaginous components of the secretions of the body were probably recorded in the middle of the last century when Scherer' published in a paper, Uber den JEiissigen Schleimstoff des tierischem Korpers. A few years later he described two substances in ovarian cyst fluids which he called "metalbumin" and "paralbumin." Eichwald2 reexamined these materials in Scherer's laboratory in Wurzburg, in 1865, and found that both substances released a sugar radical on heating with mineral acid. At that time it was not possible to identify the sugar released and any sugar radical set free was simply described as "reducing substance." These earlier studies were further extended by Hammarsten: who showed that Scherer's paralbumin was a mixture of albumin and metalbumin. The latter substance, called pseudomucin by Hammarsten, was rich in carbohydrate and was closely similar in many of its physical and chemical properties to other mucins, but differed from them in not being precipitated from solution by acetic acid. Hammarsten obtained pseudomucin from certain ovarian cyst fluids by heat coagulation of the protein present and concentration of the filtrate, which gave a ropy, viscous solution. To this day, when the fluid contents of cystadenomas are viscous and rich in carbohydrate, they are often called "pseudomucinous" in contradistinction to "serous" cysts, which contain only protein. Mitjukoff4 described a "trembling jelly" form of cyst mucin, called "paramucin," that was insoluble in water, but nevertheless contained a major carbohydrate component. From this time on many workers contributed information on the different ovarian cyst mucins, but a clearer understanding of these materials had to await developments in chemistry. By the turn of the century carbohydrate chemistry was firmly established and allowed workers in the field of mucin research to examine these biologically interesting materials and to study more exactly their composition and properties.Until recently the mucus secretions encountered in man and animals were studied almost exclusively by physiologists and pathologists, who were primarily interested in the function of these materials, and the term 'lmucin" was used to denote a viscous secretion, the chemical nature of which was in most instances largely unknown. Over the last two decades, however, an intensive study of the chemical, physical, and biological properties of the components of mucins of different origin of both human and animal source has taken place, and the present Conference will put on record the extent to which recent workers in this field have achieved success in elucidating the true nature and function of these biologically important materials.To account for the observed chemical and physical properties of mucins, it is essential to know something about the nature and amount of the components; this involves having available, or devising, suitable methods for the separation of the individual molecular species that are present. Evidence obtained by many...