Covalent surface functionalization of nonwoven fabrics with controlled hydrophobicity, water absorption, and pH regulation properties

Abstract

A modular method for functionalization of nonwoven fabrics was developed using a two-step process. In the first step, the fabrics were grafted with a linker molecule, 10-undecenoyl chloride, via esterification, followed by attachment of a functional material under UV irradiation. Perfluorodecanethiol and 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) were connected to the linker-modified fabrics using thiol-ene click chemistry. Perfluorodecanethiol modified fabrics exhibited hydrophobicity with water contact angle of about 140 while MPAmodified fabrics were able to lower the pH of a solution by about 1.6. We additionally demonstrated the possibility to connect functional polymers to the linker-modified fabrics by radical graft polymerization of acrylic acid; this produced a thin layer of the polymer on the surface of the fabric. Fabrics modified with poly(acrylic acid) exhibited increased hydrophilicity with water contact angle of 0 for both cotton and viscose-polyester fabrics, while the water absorption capability for polypropylene fabrics increased from about 50 to 1200%.

SiO2 nanosphere coated tough catheter with superhydrophobic surface for improving the antibacteria and hemocompatibility

“…Finally, hydroxyl groups were introduced on the surface of PTFE according to the hydroboration oxidation reaction ( Meng et al, 2015 ; Dan et al, 2020 ): PTFE-M was added to 10 ml borane tetrahydrofuran solution in three-necked flask. Then the three-necked flask was sealed, and the reaction was carried out at room temperature for 12 h. The borane tetrahydrofuran solution was then transferred out, and then 10 ml of deionized water, 10 ml of 3 mol/L NaOH solution and 10 ml of 30% H 2 O 2 were added in sequence.…”

Design of a Flexible Enzyme‐less Glucose Sensor Based on Non‐woven Fabric and Fe‐Doped CuO Nanocomposite

“…The term is used in the textile manufacturing industry to describe materials like felt that are neither woven nor knitted. [29] Nonwoven fabrics are intriguing for the design of flexible sensors because of their desirable qualities, such as high porosity, high area, no need for preparation before use, and relatively low cost.…”

“…The term “nonwoven fabric” refers to a fabric‐like material made of staple (short) and continuous (long) fibers that have been chemically, mechanically, thermally, or dissolveably reinforced. The term is used in the textile manufacturing industry to describe materials like felt that are neither woven nor knitted [29] . Nonwoven fabrics are intriguing for the design of flexible sensors because of their desirable qualities, such as high porosity, high area, no need for preparation before use, and relatively low cost.…”

Polyaniline for Smart Textile Applications

“…Therefore, "smart textiles,""E-textiles,""functional textiles," and "wearable electronic textiles" are among the terms used to represent the potential applications. Smart textiles have become the most promising nextgeneration wearable fabrics [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Smart textiles can respond to external physical and chemical stimuli, communicate by sensor technology, and adapt to changing surroundings [5,6,8].…”

“…The main aim behind developing smart textiles is to introduce new applications using efficient methodologies without compromising the intrinsic comfort, flexibility, and light weight of the fabric. Smart textiles have enormous potential in different applications possessing properties, including antibacterial, thermochromic (response to changes in temperature), shape-memory (response to external stimuli), hydrophobic and hydrophilic, oil-water separation, controlled release, drug delivery, photonics, sensors (response to pressure, pH, gas), antistatic, energy storage, and electro-conductive properties [1,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17].…”