Covalent modifications of histones during mitosis and meiosis

Xu, Da-Zhong; Bai, Jingxiang; Duan, Qingling; Costa, Max; Dai, Wei

doi:10.4161/cc.8.22.9908

Cited by 87 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…9 In addition to the displacement of most (but not all) non-histone DNA binding proteins, mitosis is also a time of other drastic changes to the cell which may permit, or restrict, the changing of transcriptional programs. The barrier between cytoplasm and genome is removed, many histone modifications are altered either globally or at discrete genomic sites (recently reviewed by Wang and Higgins 10 and Xu et al 11 ), nucleosome positioning is changed, the superstructure of chromatin is grossly altered to permit condensation into the mitotic structures, and the genomic content is halved, after which the process is more or less reversed.…”

Section: Mitosis and Reprogrammingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear Reprogramming and Mitosis – how does mitosis enhance changes in gene expression?

Halley-Stott

2015

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Section: Mitosis and Reprogrammingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear Reprogramming and Mitosis – how does mitosis enhance changes in gene expression?

Halley-Stott

2015

Transcription

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“…While some of these chromatin states generically mark functional elements like promoters, others are directly associated with cell-type-specific gene expression programs (Heintzman et al, 2009;Gacek and Strauss, 2012) and other complex processes such as mitosis and meiosis (Xu et al, 2009), DNA repair (Miller and Jackson, 2012), alternative splicing (Luco et al, 2011;Ameyar-Zazoua et al, 2012), and pre-mRNA processing (Brown et al, 2012). The biochemical basis for the complexity of histone modification patterns (Jenuwein and Allis, 2001;Gardner et al, 2011) is provided by the large array of proteins capable of recognizing two or even more histone modifications (e.g., see Wang and Patel, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromatin computation: Epigenetic inheritance as a pattern reconstruction problem

Arnold

Stadler

Prohaska

2013

Journal of Theoretical Biology

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Eukaryotic histones carry a diverse set of specific chemical modifications that accumulate over the life-time of a cell and have a crucial impact on the cell state in general and the transcriptional program in particular. Replication constitutes a dramatic disruption of the chromatin states that effectively amounts to partial erasure of stored information. To preserve its epigenetic state the cell reconstructs (at least part of) the histone modifications by means of processes that are still very poorly understood. A plausible hypothesis is that the different combinations of reader and writer domains in histone-modifying enzymes implement local rewriting rules that are capable of "recomputing" the desired parental modification patterns on the basis of the partial information contained in that half of the nucleosomes that predate replication.To test whether such a mechanism is theoretically feasible, we have developed a flexible stochastic simulation system (available at http://www.bioinf.uni-leipzig.de/Software/StoChDyn) for studying the dynamics of histone modification states. The implementation is based on Gillespie's approach, i.e., it models the master equation of a detailed chemical model. It is efficient enough to use an evolutionary algorithm to find patterns across multiple cell divisions with high accuracy.We found that it is easy to evolve a system of enzymes that can maintain a particular chromatin state roughly stable, even without explicit boundary elements separating differentially modified chromatin domains. However, the success of this task depends on several previously unanticipated factors, such as the length of the initial state, the specific pattern that should be maintained, the time between replications, and chemical parameters such as enzymatic binding and dissociation rates. All these factors also influence the accumulation of errors in the wake of cell divisions.

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“…Except for methylation modification of DNA, there are diverse forms of modifications at the histone amino termini, including acetylation, phosphorylation, methylation, ADPribosylation, ubiquitination, sumoylation, biotinylation and proline isomerization [19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. It has been well documented that these histone modifications play important roles in cell cycle progression, DNA replication and repair, transcriptional activity and chromosome stability [26][27][28].…”

Section: Special Topicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic changes associated with oocyte aging

Liang

Schatten

et al. 2012

Sci. China Life Sci.

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It is well established that the decline in female reproductive outcomes is related to postovulatory aging of oocytes and advanced maternal age. Poor oocyte quality is correlated with compromised genetic integrity and epigenetic changes during the oocyte aging process. Here, we review the epigenetic alterations, mainly focused on DNA methylation, histone acetylation and methylation associated with postovulatory oocyte aging as well as advanced maternal age. Furthermore, we address the underlying epigenetic mechanisms that contribute to the decline in oocyte quality during oocyte aging.

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Covalent modifications of histones during mitosis and meiosis

Cited by 87 publications

References 85 publications

Nuclear Reprogramming and Mitosis – how does mitosis enhance changes in gene expression?

Nuclear Reprogramming and Mitosis – how does mitosis enhance changes in gene expression?

Chromatin computation: Epigenetic inheritance as a pattern reconstruction problem

Epigenetic changes associated with oocyte aging

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