As a promising type 2 anti-diabetic agent, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is attracting more and more interest. Mutated GLP-1 (mGLP-1) is an analog of native GLP-1. To facilitate the production and purification of mGLP-1, auto-induction and on-column cleavage was employed in this study. By using auto-induction system, after 24 h of shaking culture, about 12.6 g wet bacterial cells could be obtained from 1 l medium, and this was about 3.6 times more than that of the IPTG-induction group. After disruption and centrifugation, the fusion protein was directly purified and cleaved on Ni-Sepharose 6 Fast Flow column. Then, RESOURCE15 RPC column was used for further purification. By using these two steps of purification, about 1.58 mg of mGLP-1 with the purity of up to 98% could be obtained from 1 g wet bacterial cells. In the bioactivity study, mGLP-1 displayed a significant and dose-dependent glucose-lowering activity. These results suggested that auto-induction and on-column cleavage could facilitate the production and purification of mGLP-1. These methods could also be applied to the preparation of other proteins and peptides.