Courtyards as a passive strategy in semi dry areas. Assessment of summer energy and thermal conditions in a refurbished school building

Cantón, María Alicia; Ganem, Carolina; Barea, Gustavo; Llano, Jorge Fernández

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2014.03.065

Cited by 51 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…It could be concluded that thermal comfort is easily achievable using appropriate design (Ghaffarianhoseini, Berardi, & Ghaffarian, 2015). The aforementioned fact is supported by many research studies on this particular matter (Mohsen, 1979a) (Mohsen, 1979b) (Aldawoud, 2008) (Cantón, Ganem, Barea, & Fernández Llano, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Numerical evaluation of thermal comfort in traditional courtyards to develop new microclimate design in a hot and dry climate

Nasrollahi

Hatami

Khastar

et al. 2017

Sustainable Cities and Society

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The growing interest in thermal comfort of outdoor environments yields in different analysis on courtyards as a common space between urban and architectural scales. However, there is a limited knowledge regarding the microclimatic behavior of such spaces. Using ENVI-met simulations, this paper aims to numerically discuss the thermal performance of different configurations of traditionally designed courtyards in Shiraz, Iran, which experiences hot summers and cold winters. The geometrical effects such as orientation and H/W (height to width ratio) of courtyards are considered as potential parameters to improve the microclimatic conditions. In this paper, PMV and UTCI are used as thermal comfort indices.The obtained results indicate mean radiant temperature and wind speed as the most effective parameters for thermal comfort of courtyards. In addition, the aforementioned geometrical parameters might not be able to solely create a desirable condition, but they could significantly improve the thermal comfort of courtyards during summer and winter. To achieve a desirable thermal comfort level, the results suggest using configurations of a high H/W rate and southward orientation in order to obtain better shading during summer as well as allowing the solar radiation in while regulating the wind speed in winter.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Numerical evaluation of thermal comfort in traditional courtyards to develop new microclimate design in a hot and dry climate

Nasrollahi

Hatami

Khastar

et al. 2017

Sustainable Cities and Society

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“…Some literature reviews have focused on this specific topic (Al-Masri & Abu-Hijleh, 2012;Zamani, Heidari, & Hanachi, 2018;Taleghani, 2018). Most of these studies emphasize the importance of variables such as courtyard geometry, in some cases considered as aspect ratio (AR) or as sky view factor (SVF) (Abdulkareem, 2016;Aldawoud, 2008;Al-Masri & Abu-Hijleh, 2012; C. Rivera-Gómez, et al Sustainable Cities and Society 51 (2019) 101740 Almhafdy, Norhati, Sh Ahmad, & Yahya, 2015a;Almhafdy, Ibrahim, Ahmad, & Yahya, 2015b;Berkovic, Yezioro, & Bitan, 2012;Cantón, Ganem, Barea, & Llano, 2014;Cindel, Yung, Norhayati, & Norafida, 2018;Del Rio, Asawa, Hirayama, Sato, & Ohta, 2019;Du, Bokel, & van den Dobbelsteen, 2014;Ghaffarianhoseini, Berardi, & Ghaffarianhoseini, 2015;Guedouh & Zemmouri, 2017;Huang, Hamza, Lan, & Zahi, 2016;Jihad & Tahiri, 2016;Ma, Fukuda, Zhou, Gao, & Wang, 2019;Manioğlu & Oral, 2015;Martinelli & Matzarakis, 2017;Moonen, Dorer, & Carmeliet, 2011;Muhaisen & Gadi, 2006a;Muhaisen & Gadi, 2006b;Muhaisen, 2006;Nasrollahi, Hatami, Khastar, & Taleghani, 2017;Qaid & Ossen, 2015;Rodríguez-Algeciras, Tablada, Chaos-Yeras, De la Paz, & Matzarakis, 2018;Rojas, Galán-Marín, & Fernández-Nieto, 2012;Rojas-Fernández, Galán-Marín, Roa-Fernández, & Rivera-Gómez, 2017;Soflaei, Shokouhian, & Mofidi Shemirani, 2016;…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, most published research deals with case studies in warm regions of the planet (Aldawoud, 2008;Ghaffarianhoseini et al, 2015;Guedouh & Zemmouri, 2017;Huang et al, 2016;Jihad & Tahiri, 2016;Martinelli & Matzarakis, 2017;Muhaisen, 2006;Nasrollahi et al, 2017;Rodríguez-Algeciras et al, 2018;Rojas et al, 2012;Rojas-Fernández et al, 2017;Shahidan, Jones, Gwilliam, & Salleh, 2012;Soflaei et al, 2017;Taleghani et al, 2014a;Taleghani, Tenpierik, van den Dobbelsteen, & Sailor, 2014ca;Taleghani et al, 2015;Taleghani, 2018;Xu et al, 2018;Yaşa & Ok, 2014;Zamani et al, 2018). Other variables such as shading (Berkovic et al, 2012;Cindel et al, 2018;Huang et al, 2016;Ma et al, 2019;Shashua-Bar, Pearlmutter, & Erell, 2009Soflaei et al, 2017Zamani et al, 2018), vegetation (Abdulkareem, 2016;Almhafdy, Ibrahim, Ahmad, & Yahya, 2013;Berkovic et al, 2012;Cantón et al, 2014;Cindel et al, 2018;Del Rio et al, 2019;Ghaffarianhoseini et al, 2015;Ma et al, 2019;Shahidan et al, 2012;Shashua-Bar et al, 2009;Taleghani et al, 2014ca;Taleghani, Tenpierik, van den Dobbelsteen, & Sailor, 2014cb;…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tempering potential-based evaluation of the courtyard microclimate as a combined function of aspect ratio and outdoor temperature

Rivera-Gómez

Diz-Mellado

López-Cabeza

2019

Sustainable Cities and Society

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Courtyards are traditional construction models in Mediterranean cities. In this research, tempering performance of courtyards during a two-year field monitoring campaign in southern Spain was investigated. The main objective was to identify the thermal functions of inner courtyards, analyzing the aspect ratio (AR) and the influence of outdoor temperature to offer a perspective that contributes to the development of passive cooling strategies for urban housing. This investigation also reviewed these climate modifiers, in light of the average lifespan of a building, to establish thermal tempering guidelines to mitigate the effects of climate change. The results show that, although the AR is a determining factor in maximizing the courtyard tempering potential, other parameters such as diurnal temperature range (DTR) or maximum outdoor temperature (MOT) can significantly modify the influence of the AR. The study demonstrates these interactions verifying, for the climates studied, that courtyards with AR > 3 are appropriate solutions, especially in the warmest zones, enhancing microclimate management in summer. Results evince that courtyard maximum thermal performance is related to MOT increase. This factor is crucial to establish a tempering initial potential for a given courtyard. Apart from this, a complete daily cycle analysis through DTR confirms and clarifies this thermal buffer effect.

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“…Inner courtyards tempering properties have already been demonstrated by different authors in these dominant summer climates [14][15][16][17][18][19]40] and checked in the monitored courtyards at a single building scale. The maximum air temperature drop in the period recorded, was 6.7 • C. Therefore, at an urban scale, the city structure that implies a variable presence, AR and sizes of courtyards in these warm-climate cities depending on the specific climate has been also showed in this paper.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlations between GIS-Based Urban Building Densification Analysis and Climate Guidelines for Mediterranean Courtyards

et al. 2017

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This study identifies and proposes A GIS-based exploration of the relationships between aspect ratio of inner courtyards, porosity of the urban fabric and the climatic factors where it is located. To perform that comparison, morphological and measurement methods have been used to delineate spatial boundaries of urban densification. This methodology has been applied to a case study in Spain, where regulation establishes several climatic zones. Examples of cities in these zones have been examined to establish possible correlations. This paper analyses the particularities of these different urban scenarios, considering the effects of climate on the real urban densification. The purpose of this study is to find a relationship between the historical inner courtyards dimensions and the climate of the zone where they are located. In order to frame the real thermal behaviour of the inner courtyard in the context of the vernacular typologies studied, a representative sample of inner courtyards has been selected. The monitoring data presented allow quantifying the courtyard's ability to temper the maximum temperature values.

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Courtyards as a passive strategy in semi dry areas. Assessment of summer energy and thermal conditions in a refurbished school building

Cited by 51 publications

References 12 publications

Numerical evaluation of thermal comfort in traditional courtyards to develop new microclimate design in a hot and dry climate

Numerical evaluation of thermal comfort in traditional courtyards to develop new microclimate design in a hot and dry climate

Tempering potential-based evaluation of the courtyard microclimate as a combined function of aspect ratio and outdoor temperature

Correlations between GIS-Based Urban Building Densification Analysis and Climate Guidelines for Mediterranean Courtyards

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