“…To overcome these limitations, we have undertaken a kinetic study of the microstructure evolution using a phase field model. Phase field models have been extensively used to analyze the microstructure evolution in nickel-base superalloys [22,23,[36][37][38][39][40][41][42]. We have used the classical phase field model detailed in Refs.…”
Nickel-base superalloys display cuboidal precipitates aligned along the cubic directions, which are the elastic soft directions. At high precipitate volume fraction, the microstructure is often described as a regular array of precipitates organized on a simple cubic macro-lattice. In the present work, we use a stability analysis and 3D phase field simulations to show that such a regular array is in fact unstable whatever the volume fraction of precipitates. The two main instability modes are the longitudinal [100] mode and the transverse [110] mode along the [110] eigenvector. We argue that these instabilities lead to formation of configurational defects closely related to experimentally observed branches and herringbone patterns. The rôles of elastic anisotropy and elastic homogeneity are also discussed.
“…To overcome these limitations, we have undertaken a kinetic study of the microstructure evolution using a phase field model. Phase field models have been extensively used to analyze the microstructure evolution in nickel-base superalloys [22,23,[36][37][38][39][40][41][42]. We have used the classical phase field model detailed in Refs.…”
Nickel-base superalloys display cuboidal precipitates aligned along the cubic directions, which are the elastic soft directions. At high precipitate volume fraction, the microstructure is often described as a regular array of precipitates organized on a simple cubic macro-lattice. In the present work, we use a stability analysis and 3D phase field simulations to show that such a regular array is in fact unstable whatever the volume fraction of precipitates. The two main instability modes are the longitudinal [100] mode and the transverse [110] mode along the [110] eigenvector. We argue that these instabilities lead to formation of configurational defects closely related to experimentally observed branches and herringbone patterns. The rôles of elastic anisotropy and elastic homogeneity are also discussed.
“…In the absence of irradiation damage, a number of microstructure-dependent plastic and creep deformation models have been developed (Deutchman et al, 2012;Cottura et al, 2016;Wu and Sandfeld, 2017;Yang et al, 2018). A homogenized crystal plasticity FEM Model (Deutchman et al, 2012), which uses crystal plasticity parameters (such as activation energy, passing stress and activation volume) provided by a dislocation-density based crystal plasticity modeling, was developed to study the effect of various microstructures (precipitate shape and volume fraction, and channel width) on plastic deformation in Ni based superalloys.…”
In monolithic UMo fuels, the interaction between the Al cladding and large gas bubble volumetric swelling causes both elastic-plastic and creep deformation. In this work, a phase-field model of gas bubble evolution in polycrystalline UMo under elastic-plastic deformation was developed for studying the dynamic interaction between evolving gas bubble/voids and deformation. A crystal plasticity model, which assumes that the plastic strain rate is proportional to resolved shear stresses of dislocation slip systems on their slip planes, was used to describe plastic deformation in polycrystalline UMo. Xe diffusion and gas bubble evolution are driven by the minimization of chemical and deformation energies in the phase-field model, while evolving gas bubble structure was used to update the mechanical properties in the crystal plasticity model. With the developed model, we simulated the effect of gas bubble structures (different volume fractions and internal gas pressures) on stress-strain curves and the effect of local stresses on gas bubble evolution. The results show that 1) the effective Young’s modulus and yield stress decrease with the increase of gas bubble volume fraction; 2) the hardening coefficient increases with the increase of gas bubble volume fraction, especially for gas bubbles with higher internal pressure; and 3) the pressure dependence of Xe thermodynamic and kinetic properties in addition to the local stress state determine gas bubble growth or shrinkage. The simulated results can serve as a guide to improve material property models for macroscale fuel performance modeling.
“…Cottura et al [29] further developed this study by coupling the phase-field model to straingradient crystal plasticity through dislocation densities. The authors developed [18,30] a quantitative phase-field model coupling chemical and elastic strain energies, satisfying local both chemical and mechanical equilibrium at the interface.…”
In this article, we aim to study the problem of the growth of intermetallic phases in solder joints undergoing mechanical deformation, using a phase-field model for multi-phase systems that can treat diffusion, elastic and plastic deformation. A suitable model is formulated and applied to Sn-Cu/Cu lead-free solder joints. The growth of the intermetallic layers during solid-state annealing is simulated for different strain states. We assess the values of stiffness tensors available in literature and perform ab initio calculations to support the selection of reasonable values from literature. We also perform a parametric study with different eigenstrain values and applied strains. We find that there is a significant effect of the considered eigenstrains and applied strains on the growth kinetics of the system and parabolic growth kinetics is followed in cases where the intermetallic layers grow. We thereby establish the importance of strain in the growth of intermetallic layers and the need for more targeted experiments on the role of strain in the reliability of the solder joint.
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