Coupling P Nanostructures with P-Doped g-C₃N₄ As Efficient Visible Light Photocatalysts for H₂ Evolution and RhB Degradation

Abstract

Fabricating heterostructures to promote the charge separation and doping heteroatom to modulate the band gap of the photocatalysts have been regarded as effective strategies to improve the photocatalytic performance. However, it is still an unresolved issue of doping element and fabricating heterostructures with good contact at the same time. In this study, P nanostructures/P doped graphitic carbon nitride composites (P@P-g-C3N4) were successfully composited by a solid reaction route. Various structural characterizations, including X-ray adsorption near edge structure, indicate that P has been doped into g-C3N4 and P nanostructures were directly grown on g-C3N4 to form heterostructures. As expected, the intimate contacted heterostructured composites exhibit much enhanced light absorption and high-efficiency transfer and separation of photogenerated electron–hole pairs, and consequently, the composites also possess the superior photocatalytic performance in the rapidly degrading RhB and an efficient H2 production rate of 941.80 μmolh–1g–1. Systematical studies combining experimental measurements with theoretical calculations were carried out to expound the underlying reasons behind the distinct performance. This study pave a one-step way to synthesize earth abundant element C, N, and P as novel photocatalysts for photochemical applications.

A [001]‐Oriented Hittorf's Phosphorus Nanorods/Polymeric Carbon Nitride Heterostructure for Boosting Wide‐Spectrum‐Responsive Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution from Pure Water

“…Moreover, it was worth noting that the peaks of N 1 (C−N=C) for PCN@HP shifted towards lower photon energy, as compared to that of PCN. This shift suggested the electron transfer from PCN to HP in PCN@HP composites, which should be due to the partial substitution of P atoms at C sites and the formed P−N bonds . Based on these XANES results together with XPS analysis, it is reasonable to confirm the formation of the strong covalent bond between N and P during the CVD process, which caused a redistribution of the electron densities around the C, N, and P atoms in PCN@HP.…”

MoS2 nanosheet incorporated α-Fe2O3/ZnO nanocomposite with enhanced photocatalytic dye degradation and hydrogen production ability

“…This implies that the hydroxyl cOH radicals played the major role in the decomposition of RhB dye by the nanocomposite. 8,35 However, the other scavengers also reduced the decomposition percentage moderately indicating that O 2 À , h + and e À were the subsidiary active species in the photocatalytic process. 36 According to the thermodynamic requirements of photocatalytic reaction, to perform degradation, the potential of photoexcited electrons and holes must exceed the redox potential of the reduction and oxidation half-reaction respectively which implies that in the case of RhB dye degradation, a photocatalyst requires to possess a valence band maxima (VBM) > 2.38 V for executing the rst redox reaction and conduction band minima (CBM) < À0.16 V to perform the second reaction.…”

“…isopropanol (1 mmol L À1 ), acrylamide (1 mmol L À1 ), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt dihydrate (EDTA-2Na, 1 mmol L À1 ) and potassium dichromate (K 2 Cr 2 O 7 , 1 mmol L À1 ). 35,36 Notably, the experimental conditions were kept same for all photocatalytic degradation tests.…”

Facile construction of a novel NiFe2O4@P-doped g-C3N4 nanocomposite with enhanced visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity

“…17 2.2.2 Synthesis of neat g-CN. Melamine (Sigma-Aldrich, analytical grade) was used to synthesize neat g-CN by calcination using a temperature rise of 10 C min À1 directly at 550 C for 4 h. 13 2.2.3 Synthesis of doped P-CN. Phosphorus-doped g-CN was synthesized by slowly adding 2 g of NH 4 (H 2 PO 4 ) to an aqueous solution of 10 g of melamine.…”