Coupling of CFD and PBE Calculations to Simulate the Behavior of an Inclusion Population in a Gas-Stirring Ladle

Bellot, Jean‐Pierre; Felice, Valerio De; Dussoubs, Bernard; Jardy, Alain; Hans, Stéphane

doi:10.1007/s11663-013-9940-7

Cited by 28 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…116, 515 (2019)end of injection the steel bath is close to complete homogenization. This time agrees well with the typical mixing time of an industrial ladle measured by Bellot et al[16].…”

supporting

confidence: 91%

“…A fluid-dynamic model within the framework of the CFD code Ansys Fluent V17.1 was developed in order to simulate the two-phase gas-liquid flow inside a steel ladle using a Euler-Euler approach. The model has previously been described and more detailed information is available in references [15,16]. The CFD calculations are coupled with the thermodynamic software CEQCSI (Chemical EQuilibrium Calculation for the Steel Industry) developed at ArcelorMittal Research in order to estimate the nature of the non-metallic inclusions in the steel as a function of the local steel composition.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Numerical simulation of modification of non-metallic inclusions by calcium treatment in the argon-stirred ladle

Castro-Cedeño

Jardy

Boissière

et al. 2019

Metall. Res. Technol.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nowadays, depending on the steel grade, Ca treatment with the aim of modifying the morphology and melting temperature of non-metallic inclusions is performed in the secondary steelmaking process. The addition of calcium to steel melts rises a technological challenge because at steelmaking temperatures Ca has the tendency to vaporize from the ladle. Efforts are actively pursued in developing solutions that increase Ca yield and improve repeatability of results from treatment to treatment. This work presents a two-phase Euler-Euler flow model of a steel ladle with gas stirring through bottom porous plugs. The model considers that before gas exits through the ladle top, some Ca is transferred from the gas to the liquid steel. The yield is thus defined as the ratio between the Ca transferred to the steel and the total calcium injected into the ladle. The fluid-dynamic calculations are coupled with ArcelorMittal thermodynamic software CEQCSI to get the evolution of the local concentration of dissolved species and non-metallic inclusions assuming local thermodynamic equilibrium. Industrial trials have been performed at one of ArcelorMittal’s facilities with the aim of obtaining data to validate the model. Samples of steel were taken before, during, and after the Ca injection treatment. The total Ca content and the inclusion populations in the steel samples can be compared against the results given by the model, as well as the measured and calculated Ca yield.

show abstract

“…116, 515 (2019)end of injection the steel bath is close to complete homogenization. This time agrees well with the typical mixing time of an industrial ladle measured by Bellot et al[16].…”

supporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical simulation of modification of non-metallic inclusions by calcium treatment in the argon-stirred ladle

Castro-Cedeño

Jardy

Boissière

et al. 2019

Metall. Res. Technol.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In an Eulerian way, Li et al 1) and Llanos et al 2) adopted the volume of fluid (VOF) approach to describe the fluid dynamics of all phases in ladle. Numerous works such as Zhang, 3) Bellot et al, 4) Mukhopadhyay et al, 5) Luo and Zhu 6) and Li et al 7) used the Eulerian discrete fluid model with inter-phase interactions to simulate the bubble plume, and the population balance model (PBM) for calculation of non-uniform bubble size is also employed. 5,7) On the other side, Johansen and Boysan, 8) Guo et al 9) and Madan et al 10) early proposed a Lagrangian form of Newton's second law for solution of bubbles in liquid, which is referred to as the discrete phase model (DPM).…”

Section: Modeling Of Gas-steel-slag Three-phase Flow In Ladle Metallumentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of Gas-Steel-Slag Three-Phase Flow in Ladle Metallurgy: Part II. Multi-scale Mathematical Model

Liu

2017

ISIJ International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Li et al and Sen et al did numerical investigations on a fluidized bed spray granulation process. Bellot et al dealt with the complex behavior in gas‐stirred ladles. Metzger and Kind studied the fast precipitation crystallization process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A discrete population balance equation for binary breakage

Liao

Oertel

Kriebitzsch

et al. 2018

Numerical Methods in Fluids

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary The numerical solution of the population balance equation is frequently achieved by means of discretization, ie, by the method of classes. An important concern of discrete formulations is the preservation of 2 chosen moments of the distribution, eg, numbers and mass, while remaining flexible on the grid and kernels applied. Existing formulations for breakage are either able to perserve only one moment or restricted by the choice of grid and kernels. Two types of kernel functions for the description of breakup rate exist, ie, total breakup model and partial breakup model. The first type states the total breakup rate of a mother particle and requires a daughter size distribution function. The other type gives the breakup rate between a mother and a daughter particle directly. Existing formulations are known to work well for the former type but inefficiently for the latter one due to the need of additional numerical integrations. The particular focus of the present work lies in developing an efficient formulation for this type of kernels. A discrete formulation of the breakup terms due to binary breakage is proposed, which allows a direct implementation of both types of breakup kernels and an efficient solution of the population balance equation, making it favorable for the coupling to computational fluid dynamics codes. The results for a pure breakage process obtained by using the new formulation and various kernels are compared with those by a reference formulation as well as analytical solutions. Good agreement is achieved in all test cases, and numerical efficiency of the new formulation for partial breakup models is evidenced.

show abstract

Coupling of CFD and PBE Calculations to Simulate the Behavior of an Inclusion Population in a Gas-Stirring Ladle

Cited by 28 publications

References 17 publications

Numerical simulation of modification of non-metallic inclusions by calcium treatment in the argon-stirred ladle

Numerical simulation of modification of non-metallic inclusions by calcium treatment in the argon-stirred ladle

Modeling of Gas-Steel-Slag Three-Phase Flow in Ladle Metallurgy: Part II. Multi-scale Mathematical Model

A discrete population balance equation for binary breakage

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About