Coupling of a Lagrangian model with a CFD code: Application to the numerical modelling of the turbulent dispersion of droplets in a turbulent pipe flow

Numerical Simulation of Oil Dispersions in Vertical Pipe Flow

“…Hamad et al 25) considered non-drag inter-phase forces to be minor additional forces and consequently did not account for them in their simulations. On the other hand, Domgin et al 23) studied the effect of virtual mass, pressure effects, and the basset (or history) terms in their simulations. They justified the inclusion of the virtual mass force in their study on the basis of a wide range of density ratios involved in their investigations.…”

“…Liquid-liquid pipe flows are encountered in a broad range of operations such as the production, processing and transport of petroleum resources, direct contact heat transfer and various reaction engineering operations. Domgin et al 23) studied the turbulent dispersion of drops in a vertical pipe. They used the EulerianLagrangian approach to simulate the experimental work of Calabrese and Middleman 24) on the turbulent dispersion of drops in a vertical pipe (50.8 mm ID and 9.1 m long).…”

“…Both Domgin et al 23) and Hamad et al 25) used the standard drag expression for a single rigid sphere throughout their simulation. Hamad et al 25) considered non-drag inter-phase forces to be minor additional forces and consequently did not account for them in their simulations.…”

“…Domgin et al 23) used a constant uniform drop diameter in all their simulations which were based on the experimental conditions of Calabrese and Middleman 24) . Interestingly, it was seen from the simulations of Domgin et al 23) that unlike the experimental observations of Calabrese and Middleman 24) , the degrees of dispersion for different diameter drops were clearly distinct, particularly for drops more dense than water. In the other study by Hamad et al 25) there was no mention of how the drop diameter was treated in their CFD simulations.…”

“…Approach Domgin et al 23) used the Eulerian-Lagrangian approach in their work, as one of their objectives was to couple a lagrangian model to commercial CFD code and improve the basic k-ε formalism using algebraic stress relations for non-isotropic turbulent flow. Their lagrangian model did not take into account dispersed fluid rotation, dispersed fluid collisions or turbulence modulation of the carrier (continuous) phase due to the presence of dispersed phase.…”