Coupling Hydrological and Hydrodynamic Models for Assessing the Impact of Water Pollution on Lake Evaporation

Abstract

The present study evaluated the impact of hydrological variability on the hydrodynamics of an urban lake in Brazil, considering water quality dynamics and its effects on evaporation. The Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) was applied to the lake basin, and the two-dimensional model CE-QUAL-W2 was used to simulate the hydrodynamics and lake evaporation. The two models were coupled to carry out the integrated basin-lake modeling. Then, two water quality models were applied: a transient complete mixing model and an empirical model based on wind speed. Time series of total phosphorus (TP) were generated, and empirical correlations between TP and hydrological variables were proposed. Modeled TP and measured biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) were correlated with monthly Class A pan coefficients (K) adjusted for the lake. The K-values were negatively correlated with TP modeled by the complete mixing model (R2 = 0.76) and the empirical model (R2 = 0.52), as well as by BOD measurements (R2 = 0.85). This indicates that water pollution attenuates evaporation rates. Scenarios of lake pollution and level reduction due to evaporation were also analyzed. The results from this study are important to improve the management of lakes and reservoirs by including the impact of pollution on the water balance.

Effects of Floating Macrophytes on Evaporation Rates in Tropical Reservoirs

“…The main uncertainty associated with a partially submerged Class A pan evaporimeter is related to water quality, which is likely to be better in a pan compared with a reservoir. Inferior water quality tends to reduce the evaporation rate in a natural water body (Mesquita et al, 2020;Mesquita et al, 2022). This concept also applies to ground-based evaporimeters.…”

Modeling water quality in a tropical reservoir using CE-QUAL-W2: handling data scarcity, urban pollution and hydroclimatic seasonality

“…In order to improve water resources management, water quality modeling in such water bodies has long been used as an important tool (Chapra, 2008). In this sense, several modeling approaches can be applied, including zerodimensional (Vollenweider, 1968;Mannich et al, 2015;Rocha & Lima Neto, 2021a, 2021b, one-dimensional (Araújo & Lima Neto, 2018;Araújo et al, 2019;Fraga et al, 2020;Carvalho & Bleninger, 2021), two-dimensional (Deus et al, 2013b;Lindenschmidt et al, 2019;Mesquita & Lima Neto, 2022;Rocha et al, 2022b) and tridimensional models (Deus et al, 2013a;Polli & Bleninger, 2019;Rocha et al, 2022a). A review of the effects of dimensionality on the performance of hydrodynamic models for lakes and reservoirs has been provided by Ishikawa et al (2022).…”

“…Although the CE-QUAL-W2 model has been used worldwide for water quality modeling studies, in tropical regions, such applications have usually been limited to simulations of the hydrodynamics and thermal regime of lakes and reservoirs (Barros, 2019;Golyjeswki, 2020;Mesquita et al, 2020;Rocha et al, 2022c). It is important to mention that recent studies have also coupled the CE-QUAL-W2 hydrodynamic model outputs to zero-dimensional water quality models to predict total phosphorus concentrations in tropical reservoirs (Mesquita & Lima Neto, 2022;Rocha et al, 2022b). However, direct applications of the CE-QUAL-W2 model to predict water quality patterns in tropical reservoirs, also including the dynamics of other parameters such as dissolved oxygen, algae, soluble reactive phosphate, and so on, are still scarce in the literature.…”

Impact on urban river water quality and pollution control of water environmental management projects based on SMS-Mike21 coupled simulation

“…Keywords Hydrodynamic-water quality coupling simulation, SMS-Mike21 coupling model, Hydrology period, Water environmental management projects, Urban river As a population and industrial agglomeration area, population expansion and industrial development had increased the amount of sewage into urban rivers, which had hindered the development of cities 1,2 . When studying the changes of the rivers' water environment, the hydrodynamic-water quality model is often used to simulate the water environment, and then figure out the water environment problems and put forward targeted measures, which has strong practical significance and guiding significance for water environment governance [3][4][5][6] .Hydrodynamics and water quality are the two characteristics of water environment. Using real measured data, so as to investigate the influence of hydraulic conditions on water quality, and then construct a coupling model of hydrodynamic-water quality to predict water environment, it is a key direction of international water environment research 7-9 .…”

“…Keywords Hydrodynamic-water quality coupling simulation, SMS-Mike21 coupling model, Hydrology period, Water environmental management projects, Urban river As a population and industrial agglomeration area, population expansion and industrial development had increased the amount of sewage into urban rivers, which had hindered the development of cities 1,2 . When studying the changes of the rivers' water environment, the hydrodynamic-water quality model is often used to simulate the water environment, and then figure out the water environment problems and put forward targeted measures, which has strong practical significance and guiding significance for water environment governance [3][4][5][6] .…”