Coupling Carbon Fibers to Epoxy Matrixes with Grafted Side-Chain Liquid-Crystal Polymers

LeBonheur, V.; Stupp, Samuel I.

doi:10.1021/cm00046a051

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Commonly used oxidative surface treatments improve the fiber-matrix adhesion, for example, by increased polar interactions between surface oxides at the fiber surface and polar groups contained in the matrix. Other positive contributions to improved interfacial adhesion in composites are mechanical interlocking, attractive electrostatic interactions, and interdiffusion between a (flexible) polymeric interface on the carbon fiber surface and the matrix [4,5]. In thermoplastic composites, however, the fiber-matrix adhesion is generally poor because of the lack of strong covalent and/or ionic bonds between the inert thermoplastic resins and the reinforcing fibers [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polystyrene-grafted Carbon Fibers: Surface Properties and Adhesion to Polystyrene

Bismarck

Pfaffernoschke

Springer

et al. 2005

Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials

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It is highly desirable to improve attractive interactions between carbon fibers and unreactive thermoplastic matrices to the possible maximum. This could be achieved by a simple grafting process to create a covalently bonded interface or interlayer, which should result in cohesive interactions between the polymer-grafted fibers and the same matrix material, leading to a better adhesion strength in the obtained composite material. Here, we are describing the grafting of styrene onto unmodified and unsized carbon fibers via free-radical bulk polymerization in the presence of fibers. After grafting, the surface properties of the carbon fiber *Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: a.bismarck@imperial.ac.uk approach those of pure polystyrene which was proven by contact angle and zeta (-) potential measurements. As indicated by the water contact angle, the carbon fiber surface becomes more hydrophobic. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) provides evidence of grafted polymer. This simple procedure results in a continuous polystyrene coating. The fiber diameter increases significantly after polymer grafting. The adhesion and fracture behavior between the original and polystyrene-grafted carbon fibers to a polystyrene (VESTYRON Õ ) matrix was characterized using the single-fiber pull-out test. There is a considerable increase in the measurable adhesion, i.e., the interfacial shear strength IFSS , by almost 300% between the grafted fibers and polystyrene as compared to untreated original fibers. Two planes of interfacial failure could be distinguished; first in the fiber coating interface leading to lower interfacial shear strength and second in the PS-matrix-PS-coating interphase resulting in a higher interfacial shear strength. In addition to the improved adhesion, there are also clear differences in the pull-out behavior between the nongrafted and grafted fibers. After the initial debonding process corresponding to the maximal pull-out force is completed, the pull-out force is increasing again.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polystyrene-grafted Carbon Fibers: Surface Properties and Adhesion to Polystyrene

Bismarck

Pfaffernoschke

Springer

et al. 2005

Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials

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“…These surface oxidations improve the fiber matrix adhesion by forming covalent bonds between fiber and resins or by polar interactions between the components. Another method of achieving good stress transfer is mechanical interlocking between covalently bonded polymer on the carbon fiber surface and the matrix 5. Zeng and Bailing6 tried to graft Nylon 10.10 by in situ polymerization to the carbon fiber surface but obtained only poor composite properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grafted carbon fibers and their physicochemical properties. I. Grafting of methacrylic acid onto carbon fibers

Bismarck

Pfaffernoschke

Springer

1999

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

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A simple, reproducible method for grafting different carbon fibers (modified and unmodified, high-modulus, and high-tensile) with methacrylic acid is presented. The grafted carbon fibers were characterized by wetting measurements and electrokinetic studies. Scanning electron microscopy micrographs showed grafted polymer chains on all carbon fiber surfaces. The success of the grafting procedure depends on a suitable modification of the fiber surface. The amount and size of the grafted polymer chains on modified carbon fibers depend on the amount of initiator used. Contact angle measurements indicate an increase of the contact angle versus water and a decrease versus diiodomethane. The surface polarity calculated from the surface tensions obtained from contact angle values decreases for all systems under investigation. Zeta () potential measurements confirmed these results.

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Electrografting of poly(carbazole-co-acrylamide) onto several carbon fibers

et al. 2001

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Coupling Carbon Fibers to Epoxy Matrixes with Grafted Side-Chain Liquid-Crystal Polymers

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Polystyrene-grafted Carbon Fibers: Surface Properties and Adhesion to Polystyrene

Polystyrene-grafted Carbon Fibers: Surface Properties and Adhesion to Polystyrene

Grafted carbon fibers and their physicochemical properties. I. Grafting of methacrylic acid onto carbon fibers

Electrografting of poly(carbazole-co-acrylamide) onto several carbon fibers

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