Coupled on-site measurement/CFD based approach for high-resolution wind resource assessment over complex terrains

Yan, Bowen; Li, Qiusheng

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2016.02.076

Cited by 59 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…It was predicted that the world energy requirement by 2030 would be 31,675 TWh, and in 2004 the global production of electricity was 17,450 TWh. As part of the United Nations General recommendation under the theme Sustainable Development Goal on Sustainable Energy for All (SDG 7), energy is one of the key elements that was considered [2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of Small Onshore Wind Power Development for Poverty Reduction in Jubek State, South Sudan, Africa

et al. 2020

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Energy security is one of the challenging issues hindering developmental progress in developing countries. Wind power as a renewable energy source can play a significant role in poverty reduction if adequate information is provided. In this study, multi-approach technics were applied for a better understanding of the wind energy potential in Jubek State, South Sudan. Geographic Information System (GIS), remote sensing, and mathematical equations were applied in identifying suitable locations, potential power per unit area, wind farm layout, design of appropriate turbine size, and utilization of wind energy in both agricultural and domestic sectors. Wind speed, land use land cover, and digital elevation maps of the study area were processed in ArcGIS, MATLAB (Weibull distribution), and Minitab software. The results show that 17,331.4 km 2 (94.64%) of the study area is appropriate for wind power generation, with wind density of about 3.65 W/m 2 and installation capacity about 19,757.79 MW, resulting in an annual energy production of about 7269.29 GWh. With the proposed wind turbine, one ton of various crops and animal products require 1-4 and 2-20 turbines, respectively. Therefore, the step-by-step procedures followed in this study will contribute to poverty reduction through improving agricultural productivity and food quality.Sustainability 2020, 12, 1483 2 of 22 indicated that 3% (9 EJ) of the global energy was spent on agriculture, and up to 20% of the greenhouse gas emissions worldwide. It was generally observed that agricultural yield improvements result in positive energy ratios; this can be justified by the gained in using fossil energy as an input for agricultural activities-the harvested crops contain more energy than the energy consumed in crop production [5].A study was conducted by Cranfield University in the UK in order to review energy requirements for agricultural production from the field to the farm gate. They used the life cycle analysis (LCA) approach, which is a recommended method for estimating the cradle to grave, a product or process of environmental impacts. Selected materials were field crops (maize, wheat, sugarcane, beans, oilseed rape, and potatoes) and three animal products in the form of meat (lamb, poultry, beef, and pork), eggs, and milk [6][7][8]. Besides this, [9] reported a detailed work on the transport cost from farm to plate or distance from the production area to consumption zone. Such work is essential for understanding wasted energy and efficiency at an extent which is beyond the farm boundaries.In the LCA, in order to capture all embodied energies, it is necessary to consider all inputs used in the production of a given product. Therefore, the authors included energy used in fertilizer, buildings, machinery, and pesticides together with diesel and other forms of fuel as direct energy. For estimating inputs for animal production, they included energy for producing feed crops. Breeding overhead was also included in their work. Therefore, the final values presented in Table 1...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of Small Onshore Wind Power Development for Poverty Reduction in Jubek State, South Sudan, Africa

et al. 2020

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“…Sanada et al [29] conducted studies on forecasting unstable winds at complex terrains using a numerical site calibration method (NSC) based on flow models from computational fluid dynamics (CFD) [30,31]. The cross-validation of the numerical simulations with a high-resolution scheme and k-ε model against wind tunnel experimental results and on-site measurements indicates a good agreement [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Wind Flow Characteristics by RANS-Based Numerical Site Calibration (NSC) Method with Met-Tower Measurements and Its Application to a Complex Terrain

Jeong

2020

Energies

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The performance of wind turbines is not only dependent on the wind turbine design itself, but is also dependent on the accurate assessment of wind resources at the installation site. In this paper, the numerical site calibration (NSC) method using three-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) simulation was proposed to accurately forecast the wind flow characteristics of wind turbine sites with complex terrains, namely Methil in Scotland, and Haenam in South Korea. From NSC at the Methil and Haenam sites, it was shown that the complicated and vortical flow fields around hills and valleys were captured using the three-dimensional RANS CFD simulation in Ansys CFX software based on a high-resolution scheme with a renormalization group (RNG)-based k-ε turbulence model. It was also shown that topographically induced wind profile and turbulence intensity over a local-scale complex terrain are remarkably dominated by flow separation after passing hills. It was concluded that the proposed NSC method using three-dimensional RANS simulation with a high-resolution scheme was an economically useful method for evaluating wind flow characteristics numerically to assess wind turbine sites with complex terrains and designing the wind farm layout.

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“…Driven by the commercial needs, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tools are employed for flow simulation and energy prediction distribution within solutions such as WindSim [12] and Meteodyn [13]. Improvement of CFD simulation and measurement-based estimations are also discussed in [14][15][16] for micro-siting in the complex terrain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimisation of wind farm layout in complex terrain via mixed‐installation of different types of turbines

Tang

Yang

Wang

et al. 2018

IET Renewable Power Generation

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As wind energy is increasingly exploited worldwide, optimisation of wind farm layout becomes more crucial. To guarantee the economic efficiency and profit of a wind farm, the deployment of wind turbines has to be optimised before operation. Traditional methods usually assume that identical type of wind turbines are utilised in a layout design. In this study, multiple types of turbines are considered in wind farm layout optimisation in complex terrain, namely mixed-installation. By utilising different power generation characteristics, hub heights and rotor diameters, and cost models of different types of turbines, the efficiency of a wind farm can be further improved. A single-objective optimisation problem is firstly established by modelling all aforementioned factors, and the objective is to achieve a minimum cost per unit of energy. Subsequently, after using computational fluid dynamics to simulate the wind flow over complex terrain, a genetic algorithm-particle swarm optimisation optimisation algorithm is then proposed to determine the position and type of every individual turbine simultaneously. Eventually, extensive simulation studies are present to verify the feasibility of this scheme. z 0 roughness length of the region, m α i wake spread coefficient of turbine i ρ air density, kg/m 3 λ s turbine cost attenuation factor of turbine type s

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Coupled on-site measurement/CFD based approach for high-resolution wind resource assessment over complex terrains

Cited by 59 publications

References 36 publications

Estimation of Small Onshore Wind Power Development for Poverty Reduction in Jubek State, South Sudan, Africa

Estimation of Small Onshore Wind Power Development for Poverty Reduction in Jubek State, South Sudan, Africa

Evaluation of Wind Flow Characteristics by RANS-Based Numerical Site Calibration (NSC) Method with Met-Tower Measurements and Its Application to a Complex Terrain

Optimisation of wind farm layout in complex terrain via mixed‐installation of different types of turbines

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