Country report Indonesia

Abstract

As the fifth most populated country in the world, Indonesia has been facing huge challenges in food security. With a growing population and a more competitive environment, these challenges will only increase in the future. Climate change has put more pressure on the agricultural sector. These conditions will make farmers more vulnerable to poverty in light of their present relatively low standard of living. Under these circumstances, high‐level attention on the part of all stakeholders is needed currently as never before. The decrease in world water availability and an increase in water‐disaster‐related hazards make integrated water resource management (IWRM) even more relevant. Collaboration between government–private, upstream–downstream users and operators, intra‐government institutions, and communities are encouraged through not only a sound policy and regulatory framework, but also a robust institutional framework and financing. Implementing a broader view of water resources in their natural cycle may help us to understand better the importance of maintaining their availability, accessibility and quality for the process of acquiring food security and nutrition.

Climate Change Driving Salinity: An Overview of Vulnerabilities, Adaptations, and Challenges for Indonesian Agriculture

“…Improvement and development of irrigation infrastructure are crucial for Indonesia since there are still many water limitations and shortages in several agricultural areas (Hadi Darwanto 1999). Public-private cooperation is needed to accelerate improving and development of irrigation infrastructures in Indonesia (Idris 2021). Despite the crucial need for irrigation facilities and management improvements to reduce the impacts of salinity (Karolinoerita and Annisa 2020;Yan et al 2021), research and studies in this area still need to be done as indicated by the limited scientific documentation and literature.…”

Analysis of the Relationship between the Implementation of Circular Economy Principles and Financial Inclusion to Poverty Alleviation in Indonesia

“…The impact of Covid-19 has further highlighted the need for sustainable development programs to address poverty and promote a green economy [12]. Indonesia's economic growth is closely linked to social and economic conditions, with regions such as North Sulawesi, Riau, and Bali demonstrating optimal economic growth values [13]. To comprehensively address these challenges, Indonesia must address human capital issues, geographical disparities, and low productivity, as well as prepare for shocks such as those resulting from climate change [14].…”