Countertransference to psychiatric patients in a clinical setting: Development of the Feeling Checklist–Japanese version

Abstract

Countertransference is an important dimension of the therapeutic alliance between care providers and patients. The Feeling Checklist (FC) is a self-report questionnaire for the assessment of countertransference by hospital staff toward patients. The FC was translated from English into Japanese and its factor structure, reliability, and validity in the Japanese version (FC-J) were examined. A total of 281 Japanese psychiatric nurses were tested with the FC-J. All nurses were primarily involved in provision of psychiatric care. Principal-component factor analysis with varimax rotation was performed to identify the potential components of the FC-J. In a factor analysis of the FC-J, seven factors were extracted. The five subscales that were determined and labeled included Reject, Distance, Helpfulness, Closeness, and Involvement, which collectively accounted for 56.0% of the variance. Cronbach's alpha, a measure of internal consistency, for individual subscales was 0.833 for Reject, 0.763 for Distance, 0.768 for Helpfulness, 0.617 for Closeness, and 0.663 for Involvement. Notably, there was a significant correlation between the FC-J and the Nurse Attitude Scale (P < 0.0001). Moreover, one-way anova was performed with each FC-J subscale to examine differences among psychiatric diagnoses in the study sample. A significant difference was found for Involvement (P < 0.001), with the total score on Involvement being the highest in the personality disorder group. These results are considered to verify the reliability and validity of the FC-J as a scale to measure countertransference among Japanese care providers. The use of this scale allows individual care providers to recognize and be cognizant of their own countertransference objectively and thereby contributes to improve the relationship between patients and care providers.

Countertransference feelings in one year of individual therapy: An evaluation of the factor structure in the Feeling Word Checklist-58

“…The four subscales were named: Confident, Inadequate, Parental, and Disengaged. There are common features between these subscales and subscales obtained in other empirical studies, even if most studies from inpatient settings and day hospital units revealed more than four subscales Hoffart & Friis, 2000Holmqvist & Armelius, 1994;Katsuki et al, 2006;. In the prior study from individual therapy, Holmqvist et al (2002) also reported four subscales after factor analyzing the FWC-48; one Positive subscale (receptive, objective, motherly, affectionate), and three negative subscales; Negative (manipulated, frustrated, disliked), Dejected (heavy, anxious, overwhelmed), and Distant (bored, tired, absent).…”

Multilevel Exploratory Factor Analysis of the Feeling Word Checklist–24

“…The diverse versions of the clinician rated FWC have yielded differing factor solutions in previous studies on the instrument (see Table 1). Data have been collected in different clinical settings, such as inpatient/institutional care (Hoffart & Friis, 2000; Holmqvist & Armelius, 1994; Katsuki, Goto, Takagi, Ozdemir, & Someya, 2006; Røssberg, Hoffart, & Friis, 2003) or individual psychotherapies (Dahl et al, 2012; Holmqvist, Hansjons-Gustafsson, & Gustafsson, 2002; Ulberg, Nærdal, Olsen, & Eide, 2013). Analyses have been made on Swedish (Holmqvist & Armelius, 1994; Holmqvist et al, 2002), Norwegian (Dahl et al, 2012; Hoffart & Friis, 2000, Røssberg et al, 2003; Ulberg et al, 2013), and Japanese (Katsuki et al, 2006) versions of the scale.…”

Proxy evaluation of dignity expectations and satisfaction of older patients with dementia by family members and nurses

“…Fujimoto (2000) has cited experience as a factor influencing the processes through which nurses empathize with patients and has reported that accumulating significant experience leads to increased empathy with patients. Katsuki (2009) has also mentioned that in the evaluation of nurses in the field of psychology, the extent of experience reduces the psychological distance from the patient. Nurses with clinical experience of 20 years or more show a higher ability to empathize with patients and form a closer psychological connection, making it easier for them to infer patient's responses, leading to increased correlation with the patient's responses.…”