Countering Criminal Threats: Conceptual Approaches In Russian And Foreign Preventive Legislation

Abstract

Research of the problem of counteraction with criminal threats relates to necessity of forming effective scientifically grounded preventive legislation. In this regard, the study is focused on the analysis of scientific crime prevention views, as well as provisions of Russian and foreign preventive legislation, concerning conceptual crime prevention approaches being implemented in order to determine doctrinal crime prevention views to be enforced and aimed at making key provisions of countering criminal threats. This research applies the methods of induction and deduction, generalization and analysis, as well as comparative (in the field of comparative and foreign criminology) and formal-legal methods. The use of the above-mentioned methods showed legislation of different countries to be heterogeneous, which is expressed in some scientific visions addressing the problem of countering criminal threats being represented in the legal acts. Consequently, the authors propose to incorporate in preventive legislation a set of preventive provisions, based on a number of theoretical approaches, namely, the concepts of antisocial behaviour deterrence, and victimological security of the aggrieved party; the concept of positive incentives; and the concept of communitarian impact. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that it is the first comprehensive comparative legal analysis of Russian and foreign legislation on combating crime from conceptual criminological approaches' perspective, which determined the architectonics of this research. The results are valuable in practical terms as the proposals formed could be considered while developing preventive legislation in Russia and other countries in order to increase their preventive potential.

Environmental monitoring as a method of counteracting environmental risks in the context of sustainable development

“…Considering that it is strategically important to develop key provisions for countering threats [12], the implementation of the listed protection methods, in the face of increasing risks, gives undeniable significance to the method of environmental forecasting.…”