Counter-ion induced processibility of polyaniline: Conducting melt processible polymer blends

Ikkala, Olli; Laakso, J.; Väkiparta, K.; Virtanen, E.; Ruohonen, H.; Järvinen, Hannele; Taka, T.; Passiniemi, P.; Österholm, J.‐E.

doi:10.1016/0379-6779(94)02376-a

Cited by 173 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…This small ͑Q C cell ͒Ј obtained here is also observed in other polymer blend systems. 53,54 The percolation mechanism for conductance suppression through inserted ions is also supported by the resistivity measurement. The increase of T 0 with the increase of ␣ ͓see Fig.…”

Section: R Is Found Asmentioning

confidence: 74%

Electric-field-controlled conductance of “metallic” polymers in a transistor structure

2006

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It was recently reported that use of a doped "metallic" polymer as the active channel in a field effect transistor structure results in unexpected "normally on" transistorlike behavior. We report here the role of ion migration in transistors based on metallic polymer ͓poly͑3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene͒ doped with poly͑styrene sulfonic acid͒ ͑PEDOT:PSS͔͒. The analysis of the ion flow into the active channel due to the gate voltage suggests that for the transistors studied compensating ϳ2 counterions per 100 dopant molecules suppresses PEDOT conductance up to three orders of magnitude. We determine from the temperature dependence of the conductivity of the active channel that the change in conductance of the active channel is throughout the channel in contrast to confinement of gate field induced charge carriers to the channel/dielectric interface in conventional transistors. The decrease of channel conductance reflects an increase of activation energy of carriers. Therefore, we propose that removal of intermediate hopping sites in the disoriented PEDOT:PSS by a small fraction of ion charge compensation causes carriers to anisotropically hop over longer distance leading to a conductor-nonconductor transition.

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Section: R Is Found Asmentioning

confidence: 74%

Electric-field-controlled conductance of “metallic” polymers in a transistor structure

2006

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“…8 Values below 1 wt % of conductive polymer can yield highly conductive materials. 9,10 The contribution of the CNTs to the final composite conductivity is often debatable, especially when the conductivity of the composite is similar to that of a blend of the used conductive and insulating polymers. The ultimate means to investigate the contribution of the CNTs in CNT-based composites containing a conductive polymer component would be to replace the CNTs with a nonconductive filler with a similar aspect ratio.…”

Section: ϫ7mentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing the Cooperative Nature of the Conductive Components in Polystyrene/Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):Poly(styrene sulfonate)−Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Composites

et al. 2010

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The percolation threshold of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) introduced into polystyrene (PS) via a latex-based route has been reduced by using conductive surfactants. The use of the conductive polymeric latex, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), in conjunction with SWCNTs leads to conductive composites with loadings of both constituents below their own individual percolation thresholds. The high concentration of PEDOT:PSS in the final composites raises the concern that the composite conductivity is a result of the presence of the PEDOT:PSS alone. To elucidate the cooperative nature of the two conductive components, the contribution of the SWCNTs to the overall composite conductivity is investigated by replacing the original high-quality SWCNTs with SWCNTs of a lower quality. Percolation thresholds recorded for systems utilizing the lower quality tubes stabilized with nonconductive surfactants were over 2 wt % SWCNTs (4 times that of previously reported systems). The introduction of PEDOT:PSS was, once again, found to lower the percolation threshold (to 0.3 wt %) and to increase the ultimate conductivity up to the level of a pure PEDOT:PSS/PS blend. In the PS/PEDOT:PSS−SWCNT systems, the role of the SWCNT network is proposed to be limited to the formation of a template or scaffold on which a (more or less) continuous PEDOT:PSS layer deposits. The ultimate conductivity is therefore determined by the PEDOT:PSS alone.

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“…13 The one-dimensional nature of such nanofillers imparts several interesting features, including percolation at low concentration 14,15 (of interest are e.g. nanocomposites of conducting polymers with 'inert' matrix polymers for antistatic applications, electromagnetic shielding [16][17][18] ), the possibility to create anisotropic materials, [19][20][21] and nanocomposites with high internal surface areas (which are useful in sensor applications, 22,23 rapidly switchable electrochromic devices, 24 and heterojunction photovoltaic devices…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, electrical properties, and nanocomposites of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanorods

Mendez

Weder

2010

Polym. Chem.

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Counter-ion induced processibility of polyaniline: Conducting melt processible polymer blends

Cited by 173 publications

References 8 publications

Electric-field-controlled conductance of “metallic” polymers in a transistor structure

Electric-field-controlled conductance of “metallic” polymers in a transistor structure

Probing the Cooperative Nature of the Conductive Components in Polystyrene/Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):Poly(styrene sulfonate)−Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Composites

Synthesis, electrical properties, and nanocomposites of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanorods

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