Counter electrode materials based on carbon nanotubes for dye-sensitized solar cells

Fabrication of cellulose paper-based counter electrodes for flexible dye-sensitized solar cells

“…The positive peaks are termed anodic peaks, which are related to iodine and triiodide oxidation, whereas the negative peaks are named cathodic peaks and are associated with tri-iodide reduction. The redox reduction at the cathodic side is defined by eqn (1), and the positive one corresponds to the redox reaction per eqn (2)…”

“…As the world is currently facing energy crisis owing to the rapid growth of the global economy, population, urbanization, rising living standards, and exploitation of fossil fuel reserves, the primary matter confronting the planet at the moment is the production of efficient, and affordable energy. [1][2][3][4] Fossil fuels provide over 80% of the world's energy, although they are exhaustible and emit CO 2 , a life-threatening environmental hazard and a greenhouse gas that leads to global warming. With the challenging issues of energy insecurity and environmental destruction, the astonishing growth of solar cells owing to their eco-friendly and sustainable features, has attracted interest in the growing demand for clean energy.…”

Phase‐Selective Synthesis of Cobalt Sulfide Heterostructure Catalysts as Efficient Counter Electrodes in Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells

“…Because of their cost-saving, environment-friendly, simple manufacturing process, and effective power output under ambient illumination, dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are gaining increasing attention among the most attractive futuregeneration solar cells. [1] A typical DSSC device contains three typical components, which are photoanode (TiO 2 , ZnO, etc), an electrolyte comprising a redox pair (iodide/triiodide, I À /I 3 À ), and a counter electrode (CE) (2D graphene, TMDs, etc). [2] The CE in DSSCs catalytically converts I 3 À to I À after receiving electrons from the external circuit, which is utilized for charge shuttling and reducing electron-deprived oxidation state dye molecules to their ground state, hence, the dyes can absorb photons again.…”

Configuration of Ce‐doped LaNiO 3 as an alternative to platinum‐free counter electrodes for dye‐sensitized solar cells

“…Six kinds of CE materials have been invented, such as Pt metal, conducting polymers, metals and alloys, carbon materials, transition metals, and hybrids. 9 The carbon materials, 10,11,12,13,14,15,16 organic conducting polymers, 17 noble metals, 18 metal oxides, 7,19 sulfides, 20,21 and carbides 22 as counter electrodes have been actively seeking to magnify the costcutting of DSSCs. Due to higher activity, low cost, robust stability, ubiquity, and ease of production, metal oxides become more prominent as CEs.…”