Counseling research in 1963.

Graduate school origins of Journal of Counseling Psychology authors.

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The Journal of Counseling Psychology has served as a primary publication medium for theory and research on counseling for the past 15 years. Schmidt and Pepinsky (1965) cite the Journal as the primary source of publications hi the field. During the life of the Journal certain characteristics have been investigated and reported.

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Critique of the designs of process and outcome research.

“…Perhaps the research continues to be hampered by both expediency (Schmidt & Pepinsky, 1965) and the desire to prove the assumption that counseling is a potent treatment. As Krumboltz (1965) noted in an editorial, "Much research in counseling seems designpd to find out whether a vaguely defined process called 'counseling' is a possible panacea for all the problems brought to counselors.…”

“…319-320, italics added]." A review of counseling research published during 1963 (Schmidt & Pepinsky, 1965) revealed five counseling outcome studies reporting negative results while five other studies had favorable results. In their concluding remarks, Schmidt and Pepinsky lamented the fact that "many of the studies reviewed have suffered from lack of adequate forethought and careless workmanship such that their results are left open to serious question [p. 425].…”

Counseling Research, Theory and Practice--1965.

“…In summary, counseling encompasses increasingly larger numbers of talented and resourceful people, dedicated to making enlightened and systematic inquires into what they are professing to do Indeed, we are increasingly impressed with the methodological sophistication of its adherents. As Schmidt and Pepinsky (1965) note in a quote from Wirt and Wirt (1963), "So far the best ideas have come from psychiatry and the best technical research from counseling psychology." In fact, it might be helpful if many of the contributors attended more to the criteria of meaning than the criteria of rigor Not enough meaningful questions are asked The truly critical variables receive the least attention.…”

“…1965 was also marked by the advent of an annual review of developments in counseling under the sponsorship of the AFA's Division of Counseling Psychology. Schmidt and Pepinsky (1965) offered a review of counseling research for 1963 and established a high standard for an emerging profession In this review, we have attempted, as much as possible, to restrict ourselves to those articles which in some way either translate or have the potential to translate to client benefits It is clear that any model which is successful in accounting for effective counseling processes and constructive client change or gam indices must, of necessity, be multidimensional. It must incorporate counselor, client and contextual or situational variables, alone and in their various 1 The author was commissioned in 1966 to write this review by the A.P.A.…”