Coulomb interactions and generalized pairing in condensed matter

Moulopoulos, Konstantinos; Ashcroft, N. W.

doi:10.1103/physrevb.59.12309

Cited by 25 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The mass term for n 1 breaks the remaining O(2) symmetry. The second term is the same as the second term in (14), together with third term…”

Section: Vortices In Two-gap Superconductormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…, (where we integrate over a closed curve σ around a vortex core) the first term in (14) and (15) is identically zero and such vortices is a analogue of m-flux quanta Abrikosov vortices in an ordinary superconductor characterized by…”

Section: Vortices In Two-gap Superconductormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The present study is motivated by condensed matter systems with multiple coexistent condensates [11]- [14]. In two-band superconductors a Fermi surface consists of several disconnected parts which gives rise to several types of carriers (which are "living" on different parts of the Fermi surface) and correspondingly to multiple gaps [11]- [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phase diagram of planar U(1)×U(1) superconductor

Babaev

2004

Nuclear Physics B

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“…The mass term for n 1 breaks the remaining O(2) symmetry. The second term is the same as the second term in (14), together with third term…”

Section: Vortices In Two-gap Superconductormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vortices In Two-gap Superconductormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phase diagram of planar U(1)×U(1) superconductor

Babaev

2004

Nuclear Physics B

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“…Soon following, Jaffe and Ashcroft, 1983 analyzed the properties of such a state, and demonstrated that it would pass from a type-II to a type-I superconductor with decreasing temperature. Furthermore, at low temperatures, Moulopoulos and Ashcroft, 1999 demonstrated that not only should electrons form Cooper pairs, but Cooper pairs of protons could also form. A topological analysis of this two-component system (Babaev et al, 2004)revealed that because of these features, in the presence of a magnetic field, hydrogen may exhibit several novel ordered states, ranging from metallic superfluids to superconducting-superfluids.…”

Section: A Quantum Fluid?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The properties of hydrogen and helium under extreme conditions

McMahon¹,

Morales²,

Pierleoni³

et al. 2012

Rev. Mod. Phys.

478

415

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Hydrogen and helium are the most abundant elements in the universe and, in principle, are the simplest elements. Nonetheless, they display remarkable properties under pressure that have fascinated theoreticians and experimentalists for over a century. Recent advances in computational methods have made it possible to elucidate many of these properties. We review some of the computational methods that have been applied to dense hydrogen and helium in recent years, mainly those that perform a simulation directly from the physical picture of electrons and ions; primarily, those based on density functional theory and quantum Monte Carlo methods. We then discuss the predictions from such methods as applied to the phase diagram of hydrogen, including the solid and fluid phases, with particular focus on the crystal structures, the liquidliquid transition and comparison of the results with experimental shock-wave data. We then discuss predictions of ordered quantum states, including a possible low-temperature fluid and high-temperature superconductivity in the atomic state. We also briefly discuss pure helium, and then focus on hydrogen-helium mixtures, with particular focus on properties of relevance to planetary science.

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“…The present atomic system is equivalent to a two-flavor artificially charged system, providing a direct analogy between the dynamics of electrons in solid systems, e.g. two-band superconductors [11,12], and the behavior of cold atoms in optical potentials. The effect also provides understanding of the basic physical mechanisms of SHE with a wide range of applications in cold atomic systems.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optically Induced Spin-Hall Effect in Atoms

et al. 2007

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We propose an optical means to realize a spin hall effect (SHE) in neutral atomic system by coupling the internal spin states of atoms to radiation. The interaction between the external optical fields and the atoms creates effective magnetic fields that act in opposite directions on "electrically" neutral atoms with opposite spin polarizations. This effect leads to a Landau level structure for each spin orientation in direct analogy with the familiar SHE in semiconductors. The conservation and topological properties of the spin current, and the creation of a pure spin current are discussed. PACS numbers: 72.25.Fe, 32.80.Qk, 72.25.Hg, 03.75.Lm Information devices based on spin states of particles require a lot less power consumption than equivalent charge based devices [1]. To implement practical spin-based logical operations, a basic underlying theory, i.e. spin hall effect (SHE) has been widely studied for the creation of spin currents in semiconductors [2,3,4,5]. Nearly all current publications on SHE involve some form of spinorbit coupling, including the interaction between charged particles in semiconductors and external electric field. The physics of SHE in semiconductors is: in the presence of spin-orbit coupling, the applied electric field leads to a transverse motion (perpendicular to the electric field), with spin-up and spin-down carriers moving oppositely to each other, creating a transverse spin current. However, spin current can also be generated by interacting optical fields with charged particles in semiconductors [6,7], even in absence of spin-orbit coupling [8].In this letter, we show how SHE can be induced by optical fields in neutral atomic system. Quantum states of atoms can be manipulated by coupling their internal degrees of freedom (atomic spin states) to radiation, making it possible to control atomic spin propagation through optical methods. We consider here an ensemble of cold Fermi atoms interacting with two external light fields (Fig. 1). The ground (|g ± , ± 1 2 ) and excited (|e ± , ± 1 2 ) states are hyperfine angular momentum states (atomic spins) with their total angular momenta F g = F e = 1/2. The transitions from |g − , − 1 2 to |e + , 1 2 and from |g + , 1 2 to |e − , − 1 2 are coupled respectively by a σ + light with the Rabi-frequency Ω 2 = Ω 20 exp(i(k 2 · r + l 2 ϑ)) and by a σ − light with the Rabi-frequency Ω 1 = Ω 10 exp(i(k 1 · r + l 1 ϑ)), where k 1,2 = k 1,2êz are the wave-vectors and ϑ = tan −1 (y/x). l 1 and l 2 indicate that σ + and σ − photons are assumed to have the orbital angular momentum l 1 and * Electronic address: phylx@nus.edu.sg † Electronic address: phyohch@nus.edu.sg FIG. 1: Fermi atoms with four-level internal hyperfine spin states interacting with two light fields. This can be experimentally realized with alkali atoms, such as 6 Li atomsl 2 along the +z direction, respectively [10]. For simplicity, we replace the notations |α ± , ± 1 2 by |α ± (α = e, g). The r-representation atomic wave function is denoted by Φ α (r, t). It is helpful to introdu...

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Coulomb interactions and generalized pairing in condensed matter

Cited by 25 publications

References 21 publications

Phase diagram of planar U(1)×U(1) superconductor

Phase diagram of planar U(1)×U(1) superconductor

The properties of hydrogen and helium under extreme conditions

Optically Induced Spin-Hall Effect in Atoms

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