Could Vitamin D Influence Risk for Periodontal Disease—to “D” or Not to “D”?

Millen, Amy E.; Pavlesen, Sonja

doi:10.1007/s40496-020-00253-7

Cited by 9 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…In a recent metanalysis, Machado et al [ 92 ] supported an association between serum vitamin D levels and chronic periodontitis. On other hand, a review by Miller and Pavlesen [ 93 ] investigated the relationship between vitamin D and chronic periodontal disease in older adults, affirming that, although the biologic mechanisms suggest that vitamin D deficiency could be a risk factor for the development or progression of periodontal disease, the findings from studies were overly supportive. With respect to our results, they are confirmatory of these previous findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periodontal Disease and Vitamin D Deficiency in Pregnant Women: Which Correlation with Preterm and Low-Weight Birth?

Ferrillo

Migliario

Roccuzzo

et al. 2021

JCM

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Periodontal disease seems to be correlated with low vitamin D serum levels, preterm birth (PTB) and low birth weight (LBW), although the literature still lacks a consensus. This study aimed to investigate this correlation in a cohort of pregnant women over 20 weeks of gestation from the University Hospital “Maggiore della Carità”, Novara, Italy. We assessed serum levels of vitamin D and oral health status through the following indexes: Oral Hygiene Index (OHI), Plaque Control Record (PCR), Gingival Bleeding Index (GBI), and Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPTIN). Moreover, we assessed the number of PTB and LBW among the newborns. Out of 121 pregnant women recruited, 72 (mean age 29.91 ± 3.64 years) were included. There was a statistically significant correlation between preterm and OHI > 3 (p = 0.033), and between LBW and OHI > 3 (p = 0.005) and CPITN = 3 (p = 0.027). Both pregnant women with vitamin D deficiency ((25-hydroxy-vitamin D) < 30 ng/mL) and PTB plus LBW newborns were significantly correlated (p < 0.05) with poor levels of all oral health status indexes during pregnancy. Furthermore, these conditions (women with hypovitaminosis D and combination of PTB and LBW) were shown to be significantly correlated (p < 0.001). Taken together, our findings reported a high prevalence of PTB and LBW with poor oral health and vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periodontal Disease and Vitamin D Deficiency in Pregnant Women: Which Correlation with Preterm and Low-Weight Birth?

Ferrillo

Migliario

Roccuzzo

et al. 2021

JCM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Because vitamin D is involved in mineral density and immune response, it is plausible to assume that vitamin D affects periodontal disease. The in vitro and observational literature, in part, suggests a link between vitamin D levels and periodontitis 9,10 . The CYP27A1 gene, which encodes 25‐hydroxylase, has been found in gingival fibroblasts and periodontal ligament cells 9,11 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Mendelian randomization study on the effect of 25‐hydroxyvitamin D levels on periodontitis

Baumeister

Reckelkamm

Baurecht

et al. 2022

Journal of Periodontology

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Background: Twenty five-hydroxy vitamin D (25OHD) levels have been proposed to protect against periodontitis based on in vitro and observational studies but evidence from long-term randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is lacking. This study tested whether genetically proxied 25OHD is associated with periodontitis using Mendelian randomization (MR).Methods: Genetic variants strongly associated with 25OHD in a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 417,580 participants of European ancestry were used as instrumental variables, and linked to GWAS summary data of 17,353 periodontitis cases and 28,210 controls. In addition to the main analysis using an inverse variance weighted (IVW) model, we applied additional robust methods to control for pleiotropy. We also undertook sensitivity analyses excluding single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) used as instruments with potential pleiotropic effects and used a second 25OHD GWAS for replication. We identified 288 SNPs to be genome-wide significant for 25OHD, explaining 7.0% of the variance of 25OHD levels and providing ≥90% power to detect an odds ratio (OR) of ≤ 0.97. Results: MR analysis suggested that a 1 standard deviation increase in natural log-transformed 25OHD was not associated with periodontitis risk (IVW OR = 1.04; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.97-1.12; P-value = 0.297). The robust models, replication, and sensitivity analyses were coherent with the primary analysis.

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“…A previous study demonstrated that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 (1,25(OH) 2 D 3 ), a hormonal form of vitamin D, increases the expression and secretion of antimicrobial proteins, aiding in the treatment of infectious and chronic inflammatory diseases [ 16 ]. However, the beneficial effects of vitamin D in maintaining healthy periodontal tissues are controversial [ 17 ]. The results of a cross-sectional study suggested that plasma 25(OH)D concentrations were associated with gingival bleeding, an indicator of acute inflammation, but not with chronic periodontitis when evaluated by the alveolar crestal height in combination with tooth loss in postmenopausal women [ 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Vitamin D Deficiency and Periodontitis in Korean Adults Aged ≥60 Years: Analysis of Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013–2014)

Lee

Han

Kim

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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There have been contradictory reports on the effects of vitamin D in the prevention of periodontitis. We analyzed the association between vitamin D status (levels of plasma 25(OH)D) and periodontitis using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2013–2014 database. Among the participants in the KNHANES (2013–2014), only those aged ≥60 years who completed a health interview survey, periodontal examination, and blood test were included in the study. Thus, data from 701 participants were used in the final analysis. Periodontal status was evaluated using the Community Periodontal Index (CPI), and periodontitis was defined as having a CPI score of 3 or 4. Plasma 25(OH)D levels were classified according to two criteria: 20 ng/mL and quartile value. The chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to analyze the prevalence of periodontitis according to plasma 25(OH)D levels. Univariate analyses showed that periodontitis was not significantly associated with plasma 25(OH)D levels. In the multivariate logistic regression model adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics, the difference in the prevalence of periodontitis between those with a normal range of 25(OH)D and those with low plasma of 25(OH)D levels was not statistically significant. Vitamin D intake has been reported to have benefits in maintaining periodontal health; however, total plasma 25(OH)D levels showed no significant association with periodontitis based on CPI scores in this study. Additionally, these findings reaffirmed the importance of toothbrushing and smoking cessation to prevent periodontitis in people aged ≥60 years.

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Could Vitamin D Influence Risk for Periodontal Disease—to “D” or Not to “D”?

Cited by 9 publications

References 98 publications

Periodontal Disease and Vitamin D Deficiency in Pregnant Women: Which Correlation with Preterm and Low-Weight Birth?

Periodontal Disease and Vitamin D Deficiency in Pregnant Women: Which Correlation with Preterm and Low-Weight Birth?

A Mendelian randomization study on the effect of 25‐hydroxyvitamin D levels on periodontitis

Relationship between Vitamin D Deficiency and Periodontitis in Korean Adults Aged ≥60 Years: Analysis of Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013–2014)

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