Could Bordetella pertussis vaccine protect against coronavirus COVID-19?

Alkholy, Usama M.; Salama, Mohamed E.; Mahmoud, Hagar; Taher, Ahmed; Elsayes, Khaled M.

doi:10.1016/j.jgar.2020.07.005

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The results reported here add to the literature reviewed in the Introduction that cast doubt on studies reporting that BCG, polio, or DPT vaccinations may protect against COVID-19 acquisition or death [64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76]. However, one important caveat must be mentioned, which is that it was not possible in this study to differentiate between nations using acellular pertussis vaccines, those using whole-cell pertussis vaccines, and those using both as part of their vaccination programs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…Finally, diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccination [ 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 ] and polio vaccination [ 78 ] have also been suggested as possible prophylactics against COVID-19, but at present, no ecological study exists to support these possibilities. Published studies have found no protective benefit [ 5 , 44 , 45 ], and antibody titers against tetanus do not correlate with COVID-19 protection [ 48 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pneumococcal and Influenza Vaccination Rates and Pneumococcal Invasive Disease Rates Set Geographical and Ethnic Population Susceptibility to Serious COVID-19 Cases and Deaths

Root‐Bernstein

2021

Vaccines

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This study examines the relationship of pneumococcal vaccination rates, influenza, measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccinations (DTP), polio, Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib), and Bacillus Calmette–Guerin (tuberculosis) vaccination rates to COVID-19 case and death rates for 51 nations that have high rates of COVID-19 testing and for which nearly complete childhood, at-risk adult and elderly pneumococcal vaccination data were available. The study is unique in a large number of nations examined, the range of vaccine controls, in testing effects of combinations of vaccinations, and in examining the relationship of COVID-19 and vaccination rates to invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). Analysis of Italian regions and the states of the United States were also performed. Significant positive correlations were found between IPD (but not lower respiratory infections) and COVID-19 rates, while significant negative correlations were found between pneumococcal vaccination and COVID-19 rates. Influenza and MMR vaccination rates were negatively correlated with lower respiratory infection (LRI) rates and may synergize with pneumococcal vaccination rates to protect against COVID-19. Pneumococcal and influenza vaccination rates were independent of other vaccination rates. These results suggest that endemic rates of bacterial pneumonias, for which pneumococci are a sentinel, may set regional and national susceptibility to severe COVID-19 disease and death.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pneumococcal and Influenza Vaccination Rates and Pneumococcal Invasive Disease Rates Set Geographical and Ethnic Population Susceptibility to Serious COVID-19 Cases and Deaths

Root‐Bernstein

2021

Vaccines

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“…9 Several other vaccines may ready the immune response with partial specificity, and thereby produce similar protective effects. [10][11][12] Indeed, there appear to be protein sequence similarities of proteins in pathogens targeted by common vaccines and SARS-CoV-2, 13,14 with combination vaccines for the infectious diseases diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DTP vaccine) containing cross-reactive epitopes with SARS-CoV-2. 15 Additionally, a team of computer scientists applied an artificial intelligence algorithm in an exploratory fashion to millions of biomedical publications, curated assay databases, and protein databanks.…”

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confidence: 99%

Vaccination history for diphtheria and tetanus is associated with less severe COVID-19

Monereo‐Sánchez

Luykx

Pinzon-Espinosa

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: COVID-19 is characterized by strikingly large, mostly unexplained, interindividual variation in symptom severity. While some individuals remain nearly asymptomatic, others suffer from severe respiratory failure. It has been hypothesized that previous vaccinations for other pathogens, in particular tetanus, may provide protection against severe COVID-19. Methods: We made use of data on COVID-19 testing from 103,049 participants of the UK Biobank (mean age 71.5 years, 54.2% female), coupled to immunization records of the last ten years. Using logistic regression, covarying for age, sex, respiratory disease diagnosis, and socioeconomic status, we tested whether individuals vaccinated for tetanus, diphtheria or pertussis, differed from individuals that had only received other vaccinations on 1) undergoing a COVID-19 test, 2) the outcome of this test, and 3) whether they developed severe COVID-19. Results: We found that individuals with registered diphtheria or tetanus vaccinations were less likely to develop severe COVID-19 than people who had only received other vaccinations (diphtheria OR=0.46, p=3.6x10-4; tetanus OR=0.50, p=5.8x10-4). Discussion: These results indicate that a history of diphtheria or tetanus vaccinations is associated with less severe manifestations of COVID-19. These vaccinations may protect against severe COVID-19 symptoms by stimulating the immune system. We note the correlational nature of these results, yet the possibility that these vaccinations may influence the severity of COVID-19 warrants follow-up investigations.

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“…Other researchers propose a theory of testing the Bordetella pertussis vaccine for protection against COVID-19 in adults [ 31 ]. Others argue that whooping cough is a vaccine-preventable infectious disease of the airways and shares many similarities with COVID-19, including transmission mode and clinical features.…”

Section: Possible Correlation Between Vaccinations and Covid-19: Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Value of Immunizations during the COVID-19 Emergency

Stefanati

d’Anchera

Motoli

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Recent estimates by World Health Organization (WHO, Geneva, Switzerland) and United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) show a significant decline in vaccinal coverage rates in both pediatric and adult populations. The interruption of vaccination services is reported in at least 68 countries, with the involvement of about 80 million children worldwide. The situation is alarming if we consider that already in the period preceding the pandemic, immunization programs slowed down in various areas of the world. For these reasons, there is the risk of overloading health systems, already under pressure from the pandemic emergency, by employing human and economic resources for the management of epidemic outbreaks from vaccine-preventable diseases. The restoration and integration of vaccination services, the immunization of susceptible individuals as well as the adoption of adequate monitoring and surveillance measures are the main activities adopted by different countries to address the current global health emergency.

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Could Bordetella pertussis vaccine protect against coronavirus COVID-19?

Cited by 10 publications

References 4 publications

Pneumococcal and Influenza Vaccination Rates and Pneumococcal Invasive Disease Rates Set Geographical and Ethnic Population Susceptibility to Serious COVID-19 Cases and Deaths

Pneumococcal and Influenza Vaccination Rates and Pneumococcal Invasive Disease Rates Set Geographical and Ethnic Population Susceptibility to Serious COVID-19 Cases and Deaths

Vaccination history for diphtheria and tetanus is associated with less severe COVID-19

Value of Immunizations during the COVID-19 Emergency

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