Cotton fibres

TG/DTG analysis of an eco-friendly scoured fabric

“…Continuing the previous work, 2,12,16,18 in this paper we present the results obtained from TG/DTG analysis in order to study the influence of the experimental conditions (ultrasonication, concentrations and action time of enzyme) on the pectin elimination and to evaluate the efficiency of the bioscouring process of a cotton-flax fabric (40% flax-60% cotton). Efficacy of pectin elimination was estimated from the mass-loss values (%Δm 2 ) recorded for the main decomposition step of cellulose (260-400°C) and from the % residual-mass (at 550°C) values.…”

“…Cotton -a cellulosic fibre, and flax -a lignocellulosic fibre, are important raw materials for the textile industry due to their qualities like softness, comfortability, durability, freshness and biodegradability. [1][2][3] Both fibres have a multilayered structure mainly consisting from cellulose (cotton -86-96%, flax -70-75%), but also a number of other non-cellulosic components, considered impurities such as pectin (cotton -0.7-1.2%, flax -10-15%), waxes, hemicelluloses (flax -15%), proteins, organic acids, minerals / ashes, etc. that are present in the cuticle and in the primary wall.…”

“…The non-cellulosic content is responsible for the non-wetting behaviour of fibres, causing a number of technical problems during the dyeing and other finishing processes. 2,8,9 For obtaining high quality cellulosic/ lignocellulosic fabrics with sufficient whiteness and wettability, it is necessary to remove the noncellulosic compounds, especially pectin. 3 Pectin is present in fibres as methyl ester or calcium salts form of the (1-4) poly-D-galacturonic acid and builds a network with its structure that plays a bonding role between cuticle and primary wall.…”

“…7,11 The removal of the non-cellulosic constituents from cellulosic/lignocellulosic fibres is called the scouring treatment. 2,3 This is performed in an alkaline way which uses a large quantity of chemicals (NaOH), various chemicals auxiliaries and water at high temperature for pectin degradation by hydrolysis or in biochemically way (bioscouring) by treating the textile materials with an enzyme like pectinases or with a mixture of enzymes in the presence of an polydentate ligands (EDTA) as complexing agent. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18] The trend in the textile industry was to replace the alkaline scouring, which is a pollutant method, with eco-friendly scouring treatments that use enzymes.…”

“…Moreover, lately, the tendency is to replace EDTA, known to be toxic with a biodegradable complexing agent like sodium citrate. 2,7,16,19 In addition, the acceleration of mass transfer during enzyme treatment can be done by ultrasonication. 3 Although the thermogravimetrical analysis is a widely used technique to study the thermal degradation of cellulosic materials [20][21][22][23][24][25] so far, it has been used less as an alternative method to common ones (whiteness degree, wettability, FT-IR, etc.)…”