Cotinine and cytokine levels in the vitreous body and blood serum of smokers and non-smokers – A pilot study

List, Wolfgang; Singer, Christoph; Schwab, Christoph; Riedl, Regina; Plhak, Elisabeth; Weger, Martin; Haas, Anton; Wedrich, Andreas; Seidel, Gerald

doi:10.1016/j.exer.2021.108773

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Cotinine, a metabolite of nicotine, serves as a marker for tobacco exposure [5]. Nicotine and its derivatives have been linked to immune suppression and inflammatory responses, leading to disturbances in organ functioning [6]. After entering the body through smoking, approximately 75-80% of nicotine is converted to cotinine in the liver [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Dietary Flavonoid Intake with Serum Cotinine Levels in the General Adult Population

Zhu,

Lin,

et al. 2023

Nutrients

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cotinine, the primary metabolite of nicotine, can be utilized as a marker for active smoking and as an indicator of exposure to secondhand smoke. However, the direct relationship between dietary flavonoid intake and serum cotinine levels remains a subject of ongoing investigation. In this study, we utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2010 and 2017–2018 to assess the association between dietary flavonoid intake and serum cotinine levels in adults through multiple linear regression analysis. A weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression model was used to assess the association of the mixture of six dietary flavonoids with serum cotinine levels in adults, which could represent the overall effect of the mixture of six dietary flavonoids. We also conducted stratified analyses by smoke status to explore multiple linear regression associations between different flavonoid intake and serum cotinine levels. A total of 14,962 adults were included in the study. Compared to the group with the lowest dietary flavonoid intake, total flavonoid intake in the second (β = −0.29 [−0.44, −0.14]), third (β = −0.41 [−0.58, −0.24]), and highest groups (β = −0.32 [−0.49, −0.16]) was inversely related to the levels of serum cotinine after adjusting the full model. An RCS model showed that when the total dietary flavonoid intake was less than 99.61 mg/day, there was a negative linear association between dietary flavonoid intake and the serum cotinine. The WQS regression model also showed that the intake of a mixture of six dietary flavonoids was significantly negatively correlated with serum cotinine levels (β = −0.54 [−0.61, −0.46], p <0.01), with anthocyanins having the greatest effect (weights = 32.30%). Our findings imply a significant correlation between dietary flavonoid intake and serum cotinine levels among adults. The consumption of a combination of six dietary flavonoids was consistently linked to lower serum cotinine levels, with anthocyanins displaying the most pronounced impact.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Dietary Flavonoid Intake with Serum Cotinine Levels in the General Adult Population

Zhu,

Lin,

et al. 2023

Nutrients

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These results align with previous studies that consistently increase cotinine in smokers. 41 Furthermore, due to its long half-life of about 16-20 hours in the body, cotinine is detectable for several days after a person has smoked tobacco. 42 Cigarette smoke contains various harmful components that can trigger the development of cardiovascular disease.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Vascular Inflammation and Oxidative Stress by Cotinine in Smokers: Measured Through Interleukin-6 and Superoxide Dismutase

Kumboyono¹,

Chomsy²,

Hakim³

et al. 2022

IJGM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose Smoking is a significant risk factor in developing cardiovascular disease pathogenesis through oxidative stress and inflammation mechanisms. This study used cotinine as a biomarker of nicotine exposure levels in the body, which was associated with levels of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) as markers of oxidative stress and vascular inflammation. The research aimed to analyze the effect of cotinine levels on the expression of IL-6 and SOD. Methods This study used a cross-sectional design on 200 subjects, consisting 100 smokers and 100 non-smokers. Cotinine levels, IL-6 expression, and SOD were measured from the blood serum of each subject using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. Then the data were analyzed using Generalized Structured Component Analysis (GSCA). Results There was a significant effect of cotinine levels on the reduction of SOD mediated by IL-6 (CR = 4.006). Cotinine levels also increased IL-6 mediated by SOD (CR = 4.292). The structural model shows that higher cotinine levels will increase IL-6 expression, and conversely, SOD expression will decrease. Conclusion High cotinine levels cause an increase in the inflammatory process and oxidative stress in the vasculature of smokers, which is characterized by high IL-6 expression and low SOD expression.

show abstract

Cotinine and cytokine levels in the vitreous body and blood serum of smokers and non-smokers – A pilot study

Cited by 2 publications

References 19 publications

Association of Dietary Flavonoid Intake with Serum Cotinine Levels in the General Adult Population

Association of Dietary Flavonoid Intake with Serum Cotinine Levels in the General Adult Population

Detection of Vascular Inflammation and Oxidative Stress by Cotinine in Smokers: Measured Through Interleukin-6 and Superoxide Dismutase

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About