Costs of Psoriasis in Europe. A Systematic Review of the Literature

Abstract

Objectives: Chronic idiopathic (or spontaneous) urticaria (CIU) is estimated to occur in 0.3% of the general population in Turkey. Although the burden of the disease is substantial for the payer, there has been no cost-analysis performed in our country. The purposes of this study are to determine the resources and costs related to the diagnosis and treatment of patients with CIU, and to estimate the annual economic burden to the Social Security Institution (SGK). MethOds: Delphi technique was applied to determine the type and the amount of resources used in different stages of CIU defined as mild or moderate to severe based on physicians clinical assessment. The Delphi method solicits the opinion of an expert panel through a carefully designed questionnaire which in this case included questions on: epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment of symptoms and angioedema, adverse events, follow-up visits, hospital and emergency service admissions. The responses were analysed and discussed in a face to face meeting followed by consensus building steps. Unit of resources used for different CIU severity levels were determined from expert opinion. Unit costs of resources used in outpatient clinics were obtained from SGK's Reimbursement Guideline-List of Procedure Fees Per Service. Results: Hospitalizations, emergency admissions, outpatient visits and treatments, are the key cost drivers in the management of CIU The annual cost per patient is calculated to be 725.36 Turkish Liras (TL) for mild CIU, 1.322,61 TL for moderate CIU and 2,478.75 TL for severe CIU. The total annual cost of CIU to SGK is estimated to be 262 million TL in 2014. cOnclusiOns: This is the first study that aims to estimate the resource utilisation and cost burden of CIU in Turkey by using the Delphi technique. Cost effective treatment of CIU is an unmet need given the heavy burden to SGK identified by the Delphi Panel.

Cost Analysis of Psoriasis Treatment Modalities in Malaysian Public Hospitals

“…Our findings showed that medication appeared to be most significant aspects (90%) and this is in line with previous analysis conducted in European countries (Beyer & Wolverton 2010;Obradors et al 2014). Productivity loss is not uncommon among psoriasis patients.…”

“…In Germany, Steinke et al (2013) revealed that yearly costs per patient added up to RM38,844.34 (€7,092.00). In a systematic review, Obradors et al (2014) discovered that the annual total cost of the treatment of psoriasis in Europe (from the social perspective) was between RM6,349.00 (€1,340.00) and RM39,104.00 (€8,253.00). Because our health care system is heavily subsidised, the estimated costs of the treatment of psoriasis are far lower than other countries.…”

Coste de la psoriasis y artritis psoriásica en cinco países de Europa: una revisión sistemática

“…Si bien la introducción de TB parece contribuir a la disminución de costes hospitalarios en el manejo de la Ps, con una reducción de 2.357 D vs 564 D paciente-año (euros de 2013, equivalente a 2.902 a 695 USD-PPP paciente-año) 35 , el incremento en el coste directo y total identificado en los estudios 23,25,33 de Ps y APs, muestran el enorme impacto económico que supone su incorporación en el arsenal terapéutico. El efecto de la introducción de TB ha sido valorado con anterioridad en Europa 36---38 .…”

High-Expenditure Disease in the EU-28: Does Drug Spend Correspond to Clinical and Economic Burden in Oncology, Autoimmune Disease and Diabetes?

“…2). Total direct costs in diabetes were €93.0 billion compared with €70.0 billion in oncology and €57.2 billion in autoimmune disease, whereas drug costs were €6.4 billion (7% of total spend), €26.3 billion (38%) and €12.0 billion (21%), respectively [6,42,46,[52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69]. However, at the per-patient level, oncology was associated with the highest total costs (Fig.…”

“…However, at the per-patient level, oncology was associated with the highest total costs (Fig. 2), with a mean annual drug spend of €2789 for oncology, €937 for autoimmune diseases and €247 for diabetes, highlighting the huge incremental costs associated with oncology medication [6,42,46,[52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69].…”