Costs of Mediterranean and western dietary patterns in a Spanish cohort and their relationship with prospective weight change

López, Celeste N; Martínez‐González, Miguel Ángel; Sánchez‐Villegas, Almudena; Alonso, Álvaro; Pimenta, Adriano Marçal; Bes–Rastrollo, Maira

doi:10.1136/jech.2008.081208

Cited by 102 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…However, the MDP was the second pattern identified. These data are in agreement with previous studies in Spain and in other Mediterranean countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea (22,(38)(39)(40)(41). A possible explanation could be that highly educated people are more likely to work in activities which very often may also condition their dietary pattern (38).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Dietary Patterns and Total Mortality in a Mediterranean Cohort: The SUN Project

Zazpe¹,

Sánchez‐Tainta²,

Toledo³

et al. 2014

Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics

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Background: Different dietary patterns have been associated with several health outcomes, including morbidity and mortality. There is little evidence on the association between empirically-derived dietary patterns and all cause mortality in Southern European populations.Objective: the aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate the association between an empirically-derived dietary pattern and all-cause mortality.Design: The SUN Project is an ongoing, multipurpose, prospective and dynamic Spanish cohort.Participants/setting: a prospective cohort of 16,008 middle-aged Spanish adults. All of them were former university graduates (alumni) (59.6 percent women, mean age: 38 years). Usual diet was assessed at baseline with a validated semiquantitative foodfrequency questionnaire.Main outcome measures: Deaths were confirmed by review of medical records and of the National Death Index.Statistical analyses performed: Dietary patterns were ascertained through a factor (principal component) analysis based on 30 predefined food groups. Participants were classified according to tertiles of adherence to the three main dietary patterns identified with factor analysis. Cox regression models were fitted to estimate multivariableadjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for mortality.Results: Three major dietary patterns were identified: they were labelled Western dietary pattern (WDP) (rich in red and processed meat, potatoes and fast food), Mediterranean dietary pattern (MDP) (rich in vegetables, fish and seafood, fruits, and olive oil) and Alcoholic beverages dietary pattern (ABDP). During follow-up, 148 deaths were reported (mean age at death: 54.5 years). After adjustment for potential confounders, the lowest risk of all-cause mortality was found in the tertile of highest adherence to the MDP (adjusted HR for third vs. first tertile: 0.53; 95% CI: 0.34-0.84) (p for trend <0.01). The WDP and ABDP showed no significant association with mortality.Conclusions: Greater adherence to an empirically-derived dietary pattern approaching the traditional Mediterranean diet was associated with a reduction in the risk of allcause mortality among middle-aged Mediterranean adults.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Dietary Patterns and Total Mortality in a Mediterranean Cohort: The SUN Project

Zazpe¹,

Sánchez‐Tainta²,

Toledo³

et al. 2014

Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics

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“…While in FF consumers parents' socio-economic status was not associated with adherence to the MD, in FF non-consumers low adherence to the MD was associated with medium and low level of parental socioeconomic status. Moreover, many of the components of the MD cost more than components of a Western diet, which caused Spanish university students to switch to a Westernized diet (57) . We found that underweight adolescents who consumed FF had lower adherence to the MD; however, in non-FF consumers, overweight adolescents were more likely to have lower adherence to the MD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and consumption of functional foods among the Balearic Islands’ adolescent population

Özen¹,

Bibiloni

Murcia

et al. 2014

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To assess differences in adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) between consumers and non-consumers of functional foods among the Balearic Islands' adolescent population. Design: Cross-sectional nutritional survey carried out (2007)(2008) in the Balearic Islands, a Mediterranean region. Dietary assessment was based on a semi-quantitative FFQ and two non-consecutive 24 h recalls. Anthropometric measurements and questions related to socio-economic status, physical activity and adherence to the MD were assessed. Setting: Data obtained from a representative sample of all inhabitants living in the Balearic Islands aged 12-17 years. Subjects: A random sample (n 1961) of the adolescent population was interviewed. Results: The mean adherence to the MD among consumers of functional foods was 56·42 (SD 6·05) % and 55·76 (SD 5·41) % among non-consumers. Consumption of fruit juice, fibre-rich bread/cookies, cereal bars, fish and soya milk was higher among adolescents with high MD adherence, and consumption of modified milk, probiotics, breakfast cereals and infusions was higher among adolescents with low MD adherence. Daily intakes of functional dietary components from plant foods (dietary fibre, vitamins C and E, carotene, folic acid) were higher among adolescents with high MD adherence. Conclusions: The Balearic Islands' adolescent population had moderate adherence to the MD; higher adherence was observed among consumers of functional foods. Average daily intakes of functional foods and functional dietary components were higher among adolescents with high adherence to the MD. Gender, age and low parental education were risk factors for low adherence to the MD, mainly among non-consumers of functional foods.

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“…Generalized models of healthy diets, planned on a food group level, have been shown to be too expensive for low-SEP families (14,15) . When comparing costs of consumed diets, studies show somewhat mixed results: cross-sectional dietary surveys often show that healthier diets cost more (16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24) while in intervention studies, on the other hand, the healthy diets are often less expensive than the control diet (25)(26)(27)(28) ; although contradicting examples can be found (29,30) .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet cost, diet quality and socio-economic position: how are they related and what contributes to differences in diet costs?

Rydén

Hagfors

2011

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To examine diet costs in relation to dietary quality and socio-economic position, and to investigate underlying reasons for differences in diet costs. Design: Dietary intake was assessed by a 4 d food diary and evaluated using the 2005 Healthy Eating Index (HEI). National consumer food prices collected by Statistics Sweden and from two online stores/supermarkets were used to estimate diet costs. Setting: Sweden. Subjects: A nationally representative sample of 2160 children aged 4, 8 or 11 years. Results: Higher scores on the HEI resulted in higher diet costs and, conversely, higher diet costs were linked to increased total HEI scores. Children who consumed the most healthy and/or expensive diets ate a more energy-dilute and varied diet compared with those who ate the least healthy and/or least expensive diets. They also consumed more fish, ready meals and fruit. Regression analysis also linked increased food costs to these food groups. There was a positive, but weak, relationship between HEI score and diet cost, parental education and parental occupation respectively. Conclusions: Healthy eating is associated with higher diet cost in Swedish children, in part because of price differences between healthy and less-healthy foods. The cheapest and most unhealthy diets were found among those children whose parents were the least educated and had manual, low-skill occupations. Our results pose several challenges for public health policy makers, as well as for nutrition professionals, when forming dietary strategies and providing advice for macro-and microlevels in society.

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Costs of Mediterranean and western dietary patterns in a Spanish cohort and their relationship with prospective weight change

Cited by 102 publications

References 43 publications

Dietary Patterns and Total Mortality in a Mediterranean Cohort: The SUN Project

Dietary Patterns and Total Mortality in a Mediterranean Cohort: The SUN Project

Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and consumption of functional foods among the Balearic Islands’ adolescent population

Diet cost, diet quality and socio-economic position: how are they related and what contributes to differences in diet costs?

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