Costs-benefit Analysis for the use of Shallow Groundwater as non-conventional Water Resource

Marchioni, Mariana; Raimondi, Anita; Chiano, Maria Gloria Di; Sanfilippo, Umberto; Mambretti, S.

doi:10.1007/s11269-023-03483-3

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Other possible applications in buildings include washing cars and surfaces, powering boilers, extinguishing fires, recovering thermal energy and cooling buildings [45,46]. The multiple demand for water ensures relatively continuous use of rainwater, avoiding its stagnation and problems related to changes in its quality, especially microbiological quality [47,48].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disinfection of Rainwater for Economic Purposes

Zdeb,

Papciak

2023

Sustainability

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Rainwater storage systems are one of the elements of the implementation of sustainable water management. The use of rainwater in households or public buildings reduces the consumption of water supply water for purposes that do not require very good quality water. In crisis situations, rainwater could also be a source of water for drinking and hygiene. In order to use rainwater, it must comply with sanitary quality standards. This paper presents the results of research on the disinfection of rainwater and the possibility of its safe use in the economy as an alternative to tap water. The elements of the proposed pretreatment and disinfection system were selected adequately for the quality of the collected rainwater and its intended use. The aim was to obtain water safe for drinking and hygienic purposes. Rainwater was collected from a roof covered with ceramic tiles, and then subjected to prefiltration, ultrafiltration and disinfection with UV rays. Water before and after treatment was characterized on the basis of a number of microbiological parameters (total number of bacteria at 37 °C and 22 °C; number of coliform bacteria, Escherichia coli, Enterococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and the content of nutrients (TOC, ammonium nitrogen, nitrates, nitrites, phosphates). The use of ultraviolet radiation allowed for the complete removal of indicator bacteria and a significant reduction in the total number of bacteria, from nearly 2500 CFU/mL to 25 CFU/mL for bacteria at 22 °C and from 2010 CFU/mL to 18 CFU/mL for bacteria at 37 °C. The effectiveness of rainwater disinfection, its microbiological stability after disinfection and the time after which the bacterial microflora regenerates, as well as the possibility of using rainwater for drinking and hygienic purposes after disinfection, was determined.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disinfection of Rainwater for Economic Purposes

Zdeb,

Papciak

2023

Sustainability

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“…Other possible uses within buildings are car and surface washing, boiler supply, firefighting, thermal energy recovery, and building cooling [47]. The use of rainwater for drinking is generally disregarded in developed countries, even if modern technologies ensure high-quality standards [48]. Multiple water demands ensure relatively continuous use of rainwater, avoiding its stagnation and quality degradation issues.…”

Section: Rainwater Harvesting Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rainwater Harvesting and Treatment: State of the Art and Perspectives

Raimondi

Quinn

Abhijith

et al. 2023

Water

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Rainwater harvesting is an ancient practice currently used for flood and drought risk mitigation. It is a well-known solution with different levels of advanced technology associated with it. This study is aimed at reviewing the state of the art with regards to rainwater harvesting, treatment, and management. It focuses on the environmental and social benefits of rainwater harvesting and links them to the Sustainable Development Goals. The review identifies characteristics of laws and regulations that encourage this practice and their current limitations. It presents methodologies to design a rainwater harvesting system, describes the influence of design variables, and the impact of temporal and spatial scales on the system’s performance. The manuscript also analyzes the most advanced technologies for rainwater treatment, providing insights into various processes by discussing diverse physiochemical and biological technology options that are in the early stages of development. Finally, it introduces trends and perspectives which serve to increase rainwater harvesting, water reuse, and effective management.

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“…The evolution of human society and economy depends on water resources [1]. There is currently a global scarcity of water resources and an insufficient sustainable water supply due to the rapidly increasing population, the fast-developing socioeconomic sector, and the impacts of climate change [2][3][4][5]. China is among the nations in the world with a mild water deficit, despite having an adequate overall amount of water resources because of its massive population and exceptionally low per capita possession of water resources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Analysis of Present and Future Use of Non-Conventional Water Resources in Heilongjiang Province, China

Guo,

Sun,

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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Analyzing the development trend of non-conventional water resources and identifying the main influencing factors is the initial step toward rapidly increasing the utilization and allocation of these resources in a rational and scientific manner. This will help relieve pressure on water resources and improve the ecological environment. This study introduces the concept of comparison testing and employs advanced Dematel and Random Forest models to identify two sets of optimal indicators from a pool of nine. Based on the two best indicator sets, three prediction models—BP neural network, Particle Swarm Optimization-optimized BP neural network, and Genetic neural network—were used to forecast the future potential of non-conventional water resource use in Heilongjiang Province. The findings reveal that economic indicators are the most significant factors influencing Heilongjiang Province’s utilization of non-conventional water resources. The findings of this study help us understand the extent of development in utilizing non-conventional water resources.

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Costs-benefit Analysis for the use of Shallow Groundwater as non-conventional Water Resource

Cited by 11 publications

References 66 publications

Disinfection of Rainwater for Economic Purposes

Disinfection of Rainwater for Economic Purposes

Rainwater Harvesting and Treatment: State of the Art and Perspectives

The Analysis of Present and Future Use of Non-Conventional Water Resources in Heilongjiang Province, China

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