Costs and efficacy of public health interventions to reduce aflatoxin-induced human disease

Khlangwiset, Pornsri; Wu, Felicia

doi:10.1080/19440041003677475

Cited by 92 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…One part of the solution is widespread vaccination against HBV, which would rob the toxin of its partner in carcinogenicity 4 (see page S12). Beyond immunization, decreasing contamination can be implemented with little cost to farmers.…”

Section: Toxin Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspective: Time to face the fungal threat

2014

Nature

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Section: Toxin Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspective: Time to face the fungal threat

2014

Nature

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“…Although aflatoxin is an easily preventable risk factor, limited resources to implement aflatoxin control strategies result in higher exposure rates in developing countries (198). Intervention strategies to prevent aflatoxin exposures can be grouped into three categories: agricultural, dietary, and clinical (202). These include pre-and post-harvest strategies to prevent mold in food grains, reducing aflatoxin-related illness, and HBV vaccination in high-risk populations.…”

Section: Aspergillus and The Hepatitis Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Infections and Cancer: Implications in Epidemiology

Vedham

Divi

Starks

et al. 2014

Technol Cancer Res Treat

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Approximately 18% of the global cancer burden has been attributed to infectious agents, with estimates ranging from 7% in developed countries to about 22% in developing countries.Chronic infections caused by the hepatitis B and C viruses, human papilloma viruses (HPV), and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) are reported to be responsible for approximately 15% of all human cancers. Interestingly, although many of the infectious agents that have been associated with cancer-such as HPV, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and H. pylori-are highly prevalent in the world, most infected individuals do not develop cancer but remain lifelong carriers. Malignancies associated with infectious agents may result from prolonged latency as a result of chronic infections. Pathogenic infections are necessary but are not sufficient for cancer initiation or progression. Cancer initiation may require additional cofactors, including secondary infections. Therefore, in patients with chronic infection with one agent, secondary co-infection with another agent may serve as an important co-factor that may cause cancer initiation and progression. Additionally, opportunistic co-infections could significantly inhibit response to cancer treatment and increase cancer mortality. Co-infections are relatively common in areas with a high prevalence of infectious agents, especially in developing countries. These co-infections can cause an imbalance in the host immune system by affecting persistence of and susceptibility to malignant infections. Several articles have been published that focus on infectious agents and cancer. In this article, we discuss the role of infectious agents in malignancies, highlight the role of multiple/co-infections in cancer etiology, and review implications for cancer epidemiology.

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“…Since their identification the health and economic impacts of the occurrence, legislation and prevention of aflatoxin in feed and food have been well documented [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. The most significant step was in 1993 when the International Agency for…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of an alternative spectroscopic approach for aflatoxin analysis: Comparative analysis of food and feed samples with UPLC–MS/MS

Campbell

Cavalcante

Galvin-King

et al. 2017

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

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Increasing research has highlighted the effects of changing climates on the occurrence and prevalence of toxigenic Aspergillus species producing aflatoxins. There is concern of the toxicological effects to human health and animal productivity following acute and chronic exposure that may affect the future ability to provide safe and sufficient food globally. Considerable research has focused on the detection of these toxins, based on the physicochemical and biochemical properties of the aflatoxin compounds, in agricultural products for human and animal consumption. As improvements in food security continue more regulations for acceptable levels of aflatoxins have arisen globally; the most stringent in Europe. These regulations are important for developing countries as aflatoxin occurrence is high significantly effecting international trade and the economy. In developed countries analytical approaches have become highly sophisticated, capable of attaining results with high precision and accuracy, suitable for regulatory laboratories. Regrettably, many countries that are affected by aflatoxin contamination do not have resources for high tech HPLC and MS instrumentation and require more affordable, yet robust equally accurate alternatives that may be used by producers, processors and traders in emerging economies. It is especially important that those companies wishing to exploit the opportunities offered by lucrative but highly regulated markets in the developed world, have access to analytical methods that will ensure that their exports meet their customers quality and safety requirements. This work evaluates the ToxiMet system as an alternative approach to UPLC–MS/MS for the detection and determination of aflatoxins relative to current European regulatory standards. Four commodities: rice grain, maize cracked and flour, peanut paste and dried distillers grains were analysed for natural aflatoxin contamination. For B1 and total aflatoxins determination the qualitative correlation, above or below the regulatory limit, was good for all commodities with the exception of the dried distillers grain samples for B1 for which no calibration existed. For B1 the quantitative R2 correlations were 0.92, 0.92, 0.88 (<250 μg/kg) and 0.7 for rice, maize, peanuts and dried distillers grain samples respectively whereas for total aflatoxins the quantitative correlation was 0.92, 0.94, 0.88 and 0.91. The ToxiMet system could be used as an alternative for aflatoxin analysis for current legislation but some consideration should be given to aflatoxin M1 regulatory levels for these commodities considering the high levels detected in this study especially for maize and peanuts. (Résumé d'auteur

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Costs and efficacy of public health interventions to reduce aflatoxin-induced human disease

Cited by 92 publications

References 82 publications

Perspective: Time to face the fungal threat

Perspective: Time to face the fungal threat

Multiple Infections and Cancer: Implications in Epidemiology

Evaluation of an alternative spectroscopic approach for aflatoxin analysis: Comparative analysis of food and feed samples with UPLC–MS/MS

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