“…Various long-term transition studies on the emission reduction pathways for India have been conducted. Most of these studies, however, first, focus only on a national level 35 , second, lack a high temporal and spatial resolution of resources and power demand 36,37 , third, contain no or limited storage and flexibility options 38 , fourth, lack a transition pathway, showing how the current system will 'transition' towards a system with high shares of renewables 39 , and finally, consider limited share of renewable penetration 39,40 . Some of the key studies such as WWF and TERI 41 , Teske et al 42,43 , Jacobson et al 44 , Lawrenz et al 36 , Gulagi et al 45 and Bogdanov et al 46,47 , consider 100% renewable energy penetration, however, they lack in one or the other aspects mentioned above.…”