Cost of traumatic spinal cord injury in a population-based registry

Johnson, Renee L.; Brooks, C. A.; Whiteneck, Gale G.

doi:10.1038/sc.1996.81

Cited by 83 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Specialized CBT o ered in the rehabilitation phase resulted in almost 15% less re-admissions than those who receive standard rehabilitation services. Research 16 has shown the cost of SCI during the 2 years after the injury to be $22 million in 1992 US dollars value. Much of this cost was due to physical complications and re-admissions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the long-term adjustment of spinal cord injured persons

1999

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Study Design: The study involved the long-term assessment of persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) who previously participated in a nonrandomized longitudinal controlled trial. Objectives: The objective was to report on the e ectiveness of early psychological intervention in improving some aspects of adjustment to SCI 2 years post injury. Setting: The study was conducted in Sydney, Australia. Methods: Twenty-eight SCI persons who had participated in group Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) during hospital rehabilitation were assessed for drug usage, hospital readmissions, relationships, perceived adjustment and social discrimination 2 years after treatment. The intervention group's responses on the measures were compared with a control group of 31 SCI persons who only received traditional rehabilitation services during their hospitalization. Results: Subjects in the treatment group experienced less hospital re-admissions, used less drugs and reported higher levels of adjustment compared to the control group. Relationships were stable for both groups and there were no suicides in either group up to 2 years. There were no di erences in perceived social discrimination between the two groups. Conclusion: The study suggests the long-term adjustment for SCI persons is encouraging for the majority. However, the provision of group CBT for SCI persons appears to improve signi®cantly some aspects of adjustment to the injury in the long-term.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the long-term adjustment of spinal cord injured persons

1999

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“…1,7 High Tetraplegia cases received a higher mean first-year payment for DME ($81,241) than was reported by De Vivo et al 1 and Johnson et al 7 whose reported mean DME costs were $30,356 and $45,970, respectively. Current Low Tetraplegia cases received higher average payments for DME ($70,463) in comparison to the means reported by De Vivo et al and Johnson et al, which were $24,450 and $19,547, respectively.…”

Section: Durable Medical Equipmentmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…7,12 As several of the studies [8][9][10][11] reported LOS and payments for all levels of SCI combined, it is difficult to make comparisons with the current findings. These duration differences may be explained by a study by Fiedler et al, 9 who found that significant decreases in LOS occurred over time from 1972 to 1997 for both acute hospitalization and rehabilitation.…”

Section: Acute Hospitalization and Rehabilitationmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Lower figures were, however, reported for Low Tetraplegia ($30,155) and ASIA D cases ($5736). 7 Johnson et al also reported higher attendant care costs for High and Low Tetraplegia cases in Year 2 ($126,644 and $73,681, respectively). In contrast, Year 2 in-home care cost for ASIA D cases was lower ($5150) than that found in the current study.…”

Section: Attendant Carementioning

confidence: 93%

“…Studies have reported on the costs of attendant care services using actual costs when available, or in combination with estimated costs 1,7 , or estimates based on hours of services reported multiplied by the average hourly wage for attendant care providers. 4 However, differences in impairment classification methodology (eg complete versus incomplete tetraplegia as used by Berkowitz et al 4 ) make comparison with the current findings difficult.…”

Section: Attendant Carementioning

confidence: 99%

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Services provided following compensable work-related tetraplegia

et al. 2004

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Design: Descriptive study. Objective: To describe and compare the medical services provided following work-related tetraplegic spinal cord injury (SCI). Setting: Workers' compensation claims database. Methods: The administrative database of a workers' compensation provider was searched for work-related tetraplegia claims with dates of injury between 1 January 1989 and 31 December 1999. In total, 62 cases were identified and grouped by impairment category. Medical payment data were extracted and assigned to service categories. Results: Although the level of services was directly related to the severity of impairment, patterns were similar across categories; for example, the largest proportions of payments were associated with durable medical equipment (DME) and attendant care in each impairment category. DME, readmissions and attendant care services varied considerably from year to year and within impairment category. Payments for physician care and medications/supplies showed the least variation within impairment categories. Workers' compensation payments were similar to National Spinal Cord Injury Database (NSCID) payments for the first year following injury; however, in subsequent years, workers' compensation figures were much higher. Conclusions: Differences in annual medical payment and services by impairment category appear to be primarily due to variations in DME, attendant care and readmission. Payment differences in relation to National SCI figures may be related to better capture of payments by the workers' compensation administrative database. In addition, results suggest broader coverage by workers' compensation for medical services and items related to independent living.

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Living with spinal cord injury: longitudinal factors, interventions and outcomes

Craig

Hancock

1998

Clin. Psychol. Psychother.

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While spinal cord injury (SCI) persons can enjoy a satisfactory quality of life, a significant minority have been found to suffer abnormal levels of negative life indicators like divorce, drug abuse and social discrimination. Re-admissions rates are generally high and complications arising from self-neglect are prevalent. Furthermore, SCI persons have high risks of developing abnormal levels of anxiety and depressive moods. The coping styles of SCI persons have also been shown to be altered, for instance, with a greater chance of them adopting helpless and fatalistic strategies. Treatment is needed that can reduce risks of these problems without further reducing quality of life. Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) offered during hospital rehabilitation has been shown to be successful in reducing levels of anxiety and depressive mood, drug abuse and hospital re-admissions compared to SCI persons who received traditional rehabilitation. These results strongly suggest that the provision of specialized psychological treatments like CBT will enhance adjustment and raise quality of life for those living with a debilitating injury. #

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Cost of traumatic spinal cord injury in a population-based registry

Cited by 83 publications

References 6 publications

Improving the long-term adjustment of spinal cord injured persons

Improving the long-term adjustment of spinal cord injured persons

Services provided following compensable work-related tetraplegia

Living with spinal cord injury: longitudinal factors, interventions and outcomes

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