Cost-Minimized 24 GHz Pulse Oscillator for Short-Range Automotive Radar Applications

Kryshtopin, A.; Sevskiy, G.; Markov, K.P.; Heide, P.; Nalezinski, M.; Roskosch, Richard; Vossiek, Martin

doi:10.1109/euma.2003.341138

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…Nevertheless, a careful oscillator design that promotes this injection locking property can be useful for minimizing the pulse-to-pulse phase jitter. There are many publications on the design of impulse oscillators that are used in switched oscillator radar systems, for example, for the utilization in short-range automotive radar systems of around 24 GHz [25], [26]. Besides automotive radar, pulse oscillators in the same frequency range are also used in UWB systems for communication and ranging [23], [27], [28].…”

Section: A Theory Of Pulse Injection Lockingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From 2004 to 2014, around 1.3 million short range radar systems were produced by Tyco M/A-Com. Furthermore, sequential sampling using switched oscillators has also been used in the pulse oscillator in [26], [39]. The goal was to contribute to building a high performance and inexpensive radar system that could possibly replace ultrasound sensors for parking distance control.…”

Section: B Automotive Radarmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Tutorial on the Sequential Sampling Impulse Radar Concept and Selected Applications

Vossiek¹,

Haberberger²,

Krabbe³

et al. 2023

IEEE J. Microw.

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The sequential sampling impulse radar is a radar concept that has been known for a very long time. Ultrawideband (UWB) radar systems have been realized based on this concept long before the popular phrases UWB and UWB radar were created. Its hardware simplicity, low cost, potentially high bandwidth and high range resolution, as well as the unsurpassed low power consumption of some of its variants have made it one of the most widely used radar concepts in industrial automation today. Despite its widespread use in practice, however, there are only few publications, textbooks and tutorials that describe this concept in detail and all its varieties and aspects. Especially, the correlation properties and the resulting signal-tonoise ratio (SNR), as well as the phase injection locking of pulsed oscillators, that is required for powerefficient options, have rarely been described in detail. This tutorial introduces the typical sequential sampling impulse radar concept step by step and presents the characteristics and pros and cons. As for the correlation properties and the SNR, the concepts are compared to those of standard coherent impulse radar systems and of frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar. In addition to the system theory, selected applications are presented to illustrate the attractiveness and elegance, but also the limits, of this interesting and important radar concept. The shown applications range from those in the main field of use of this type of radar, that is, industrial automation, to former and current radar concepts in the areas of automotive radar, ground penetrating radar (GPR), security scanners, and biomedical radar systems.

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Section: A Theory Of Pulse Injection Lockingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Automotive Radarmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Tutorial on the Sequential Sampling Impulse Radar Concept and Selected Applications

Vossiek¹,

Haberberger²,

Krabbe³

et al. 2023

IEEE J. Microw.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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A 24‐GHz power‐efficient MMIC pulse oscillator for UWB radar applications

Kim

Hong

2007

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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A 24‐GHz power‐efficient pulse oscillator for ultrawideband (UWB) radar applications implemented with InGaP HBT MMIC technology is proposed. The oscillator uses a common base inductive feedback topology without output buffers. The bias current is switched on by a pulse‐control voltage. The oscillator consumes power only when the 24‐GHz pulse is generated, allowing high power efficiency to be obtained. A high output power of 8 dBm and a low phase noise of −120 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset frequency are obtained in continuous wave (CW) mode. While in pulse‐mode operation, the oscillator shows a 1‐ns pulse width with only 5 ps of phase jitter. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 1412–1415, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22456

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A 24‐GHz active SPST MMIC switch with INGAP/GAAS HBTS

Yang

Kim

Hong

2008

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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We present performance improvement in InP travelingwave modulators (TWMs) using a periodic ion implantation on coplanar waveguide. Fabricated TWMs show the successful velocity and impedance tuning with return loss of lower than Key words: traveling-wave modulator; benzocyclobutene (BCB); coplanar waveguide (CPW); ion implantation; microwave refractive index INTRODUCTIONHigh-speed optical modulators are critical components in fiberoptic RF signal transmission, high-bit-rate lightwave systems, and optoelectronic signal processing. LiNbO 3 modulators have been widely used for these applications [1]. However, semiconductor modulators possess great potential for monolithic integration with active devices (such as lasers and optical amplifiers) [2,3] and passive devices [4] to create compact, robust, and functional photonic micro-systems. Figure 1 shows such a monolithic integrated InP optical arbitrary waveform generation (OAWG) chip which includes 10 amplitude and phase modulators, two arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs), and semiconductor optical amplifiers [5]. Here, a de-mux AWG splits the wavelengths of an input short pulse into 10 different waveguides, and then, each wavelength goes through an electro-absorption-based amplitude modulator and an electro-optic-based phase modulator. Afterwards, the 10 wavelengths are multiplexed onto a single waveguide. User-specified optical waveform is generated by amplitude and phase modulation between two AWGs. In this application, high-speed amplitude and phase modulators are critical components to create truly arbitrary waveforms at an extremely broad bandwidth. Two types of modulators are commonly used on semiconductor materials: one based on a Schottky electrode configuration [6,7] and the other based on a p-i-n structure. The Schottky modulator configuration shows ultra-high speed responses but is difficult to integrate with other photonic active devices on the same semiconductor substrate. Thus, the p-i-n modulator is the typical structure of choice for photonic microsystems [2,3,8,9]. However, this structure is plagued by the thin intrinsic layer, between p-type and n-type cladding used for strong electric fields, creating a large capacitance. This large capacitance results to a low characteristic impedance (typically around 20 ⍀-30 ⍀) generating large signal reflections to common 50-⍀ terminated microwave systems. Furthermore, the microwave velocity is typically slower than the optical velocity. For long, traveling-wave modulators, this velocity mismatch becomes the bottleneck towards higher speed modulating for low voltage operation. In this article, we report a new approach to tune both the microwave velocity and characteristic impedance of TWMs, which is a step toward high performance monolithic photonic microsystems with RF devices. This is achieved by periodically implanting He ϩ ions in p-type layer, providing the designer another option to obtain desired microwave characteristics. InP/InGaAsP travelingwave Mach-Zehnder electrooptic modulators have been d...

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Cost-Minimized 24 GHz Pulse Oscillator for Short-Range Automotive Radar Applications

Cited by 10 publications

References 7 publications

A Tutorial on the Sequential Sampling Impulse Radar Concept and Selected Applications

A Tutorial on the Sequential Sampling Impulse Radar Concept and Selected Applications

A 24‐GHz power‐efficient MMIC pulse oscillator for UWB radar applications

A 24‐GHz active SPST MMIC switch with INGAP/GAAS HBTS

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