Cost implication and reactive power generating potential of the synchronous condenser

Igbinovia, Famous O.; Fandi, Ghaeth; Müller, Zdeněk; Švec, Ján; Tlustý, Josef

doi:10.1109/igbsg.2016.7539450

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…So how cost-effective would synchronous compensators be? There is a range of cost estimates in the literature [132,[142][143][144], the highest being an investment cost of 100 A C/kVAr with fixed operating and maintenance costs of 3.5 A C/kVAr/a [144] (it would be around a third cheaper to retrofit existing generators [132]). For Great Britain, the 9 GVAr of SC would cost 129 million A C per year, assuming a lifetime of 30 years and a discount rate of 10%.…”

Section: Their Feasibility Criterion 4: Ancillary Servicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response to ‘Burden of proof: A comprehensive review of the feasibility of 100% renewable-electricity systems’

Brown

Bischof-Niemz

Blok

et al. 2018

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

400

220

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A recent article 'Burden of proof: A comprehensive review of the feasibility of 100% renewable-electricity systems' claims that many studies of 100% renewable electricity systems do not demonstrate sufficient technical feasibility, according to the criteria of the article's authors (henceforth 'the authors'). Here we analyse the authors' methodology and find it problematic. The feasibility criteria chosen by the authors are important, but are also easily addressed at low economic cost, while not affecting the main conclusions of the reviewed studies and certainly not affecting their technical feasibility. A more thorough review reveals that all of the issues have already been addressed in the engineering and modelling literature. Nuclear power, which the authors have evaluated positively elsewhere, faces other, genuine feasibility problems, such as the finiteness of uranium resources and a reliance on unproven technologies in the medium-to long-term. Energy systems based on renewables, on the other hand, are not only feasible, but already economically viable and decreasing in cost every year.

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Section: Their Feasibility Criterion 4: Ancillary Servicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response to ‘Burden of proof: A comprehensive review of the feasibility of 100% renewable-electricity systems’

Brown

Bischof-Niemz

Blok

et al. 2018

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

400

220

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Synchronous condensers could be used to avoid power electronics interfaces. However, these devices lack the ability to control active power discharge and have costly maintenance requirements [19]. As discussed in [20], communication-based protection schemes, such as current differential, permissive overreaching transfer trip (POTT), and directional comparison blocking (DCB), provide improved protection without requiring radial systems.…”

Section: Of 17mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Graph Theory Method for Identification of a Minimum Breakpoint Set for Directional Relay Coordination

2019

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The energy grid becomes more complex with increasing penetration of renewable resources, distributed energy storage, distributed generators, and more diverse loads such as electric vehicle charging stations. The presence of distributed energy resources (DERs) requires directional protection due to the added potential for energy to flow in both directions down the line. Additionally, contingency requirements for critical loads within a microgrid may result in looped or meshed systems. Computation speeds of iterative methods required to coordinate loops are improved by starting with a minimum breakpoint set (MBPS) of relays. A breakpoint set (BPS) is a set of breakers such that, when opened, breaks all loops in a mesh grid creating a radial system. A MBPS is a BPS that consists of the minimum possible number of relays required to accomplish this goal. In this paper, a method is proposed in which a minimum spanning tree is computed to indirectly break all loops in the system, and a set difference is used to identify the MBPS. The proposed method is found to minimize the cardinality of the BPS to achieve a MBPS.

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“…Portanto, para postergar ou evitar o colapso de tensão recomenda-se a colocação em serviço do maior número de bancos de capacitores, bem como a redução de perdas na transmissão, de forma a assegurar que os geradores, compensadores síncronos, SVC e STATCON operem com uma maior margem de reativos (Cigre 1989). Também, quando comparados aos compensadores estáticos de var, os custos (8 US$/Kvar) dos bancos de capacitores comutados mecanicamente são da ordem de cinco a seis vezes menores que os do SVC (40 US$/Kvar) e do STATCON (50 US$/Kvar) (Acharya et al 2005, Igbinovia et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Alocação de Banco de Capacitores Shunts Visando o Aumento da Margem Estática de Tensão e a Redução de Perdas

Lima

Neto

Alves

2020

Anais Do Simpósio Brasileiro De Sistemas Elétricos 2020

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Este trabalho apresenta os resultados obtidos com um procedimento alternativo para definir a quantidade de compensação reativa shunt a ser alocada, visando à redução das perdas e a melhoria da margem de estabilidade estática de tensão. A quantidade de compensação reativa shunt a ser alocada é determinada com base nas curvas de perda total de potência ativa e reativa versus magnitude de tensão de um barramento escolhido. Os melhores locais para compensação de derivação são definidos pelos fatores de participação de barra do modo crítico fornecido pela análise modal estática. As análises de desempenho foram conduzidas para duas configurações básicas do sistema de teste do IEEE de 118 barras e para uma contingência de linha de transmissão específica nesse sistema, que leva a um problema de instabilidade de tensão com característica predominantemente local.

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Cost implication and reactive power generating potential of the synchronous condenser

Cited by 21 publications

References 9 publications

Response to ‘Burden of proof: A comprehensive review of the feasibility of 100% renewable-electricity systems’

Response to ‘Burden of proof: A comprehensive review of the feasibility of 100% renewable-electricity systems’

A Graph Theory Method for Identification of a Minimum Breakpoint Set for Directional Relay Coordination

Alocação de Banco de Capacitores Shunts Visando o Aumento da Margem Estática de Tensão e a Redução de Perdas

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