Cost estimation of biomass-to-fuel plants producing methanol, dimethylether or hydrogen

Alternative thermochemical routes for aviation biofuels via alcohols synthesis: Process modeling, techno-economic assessment and comparison

“…18. Specific product prices in €/GJ HHV from selected studies in the literature, in comparison with the corresponding values resulted from the proposed pathways in this study (with filled color and black marker line) [6,22,27,30,[44][45][46][47][48][49][50]96,98,99,110,. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.…”

“…Part of the recirculating light gas (tail gas) is utilized in a Cogeneration Heat and Power (CHP) in order to meet steam, heat and power requirements of the overall process, making it self-sustainable. The majority of the analyses of such biorefinery concepts are examined for large scale applications with feedstock thermal input ranging from 150 to 500 MW th [44][45][46][47][48][49][50]. According to the NREL study, the product cost ($/kg) sharply increases for small plant capacities [51].…”

A Perspective on Biofuels Use and CCS for GHG Mitigation in the Marine Sector

“…The production cost of bio-methanol depends on numerous factors, among which the feedstock and capital costs are the most important ( Huisman et al., 2011 ). One study found that a feedstock cost of 5.5 €/GJ and a plant size of 20 t/h input leads to a bio-methanol cost of around 24 €/GJ, whereas a price below 10 €/GJ would be achievable if free waste feedstock was used in a plant size of 80 t/h input ( Huisman et al., 2011 ).…”

“…The production cost of bio-methanol depends on numerous factors, among which the feedstock and capital costs are the most important ( Huisman et al., 2011 ). One study found that a feedstock cost of 5.5 €/GJ and a plant size of 20 t/h input leads to a bio-methanol cost of around 24 €/GJ, whereas a price below 10 €/GJ would be achievable if free waste feedstock was used in a plant size of 80 t/h input ( Huisman et al., 2011 ). Other studies have reported minimum selling price (MSP) values of 18 €/GJ (feedstock cost 3 €/GJ and plant size 2,000 t/day input) ( Zhu et al., 2011 ) and 16–25 €/GJ (feedstock cost 3–6 €/GJ and plant size 100–200 MW output) ( Maniatis et al., 2017 ) (prices from other currencies converted to € at September 2020 rates).…”

“…As direct DME production is at a lower TRL and indirect DME production has methanol as an intermediate, the production cost of DME is expected to be slightly higher than for methanol. This is borne out by cost estimates from the literature, with production costs given as 9 ( Peral and Martín, 2015 ), 10–11 ( Clausen et al., 2010 ), 12 ( Wang et al., 2010 ), 19 ( Zhu et al., 2011 ), 18–21 ( Huisman et al., 2011 ), and 16–25 €/GJ ( Maniatis et al., 2017 ). The similarity in the production processes of DME and methanol means that similar constraints on potential availability and GHG mitigation potential apply to DME as to methanol.…”