Cost-effectiveness of Total Mixed Ration with Varying Crude Protein Levels for Feeding Dorper Lambs for Human Consumption

Panadi, Mira; Mat, Khairiyah; Rusli, Nor Dini; Darmansah, Nur Fadilah

doi:10.11113/humentech.v1n2.16

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 18 publications

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“…Consequently, this creates year-round instability of animal products. Employing local forages, crop byproducts, and agricultural by-products as ruminant feed is an affordable and sustainable option in the developing world (Panadi et al, 2022). The use of agricultural byproducts will lessen imports and dependence on developed nations for commercial feed and feed ingredients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Digestibility and Fermentation Kinetics of Agricultural By-product used as feed for Sheep in Trinidad, West Indies

Daniella,

Hughes,

Jones

2023

Preprint

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The objective of this study was to determine the in vitro digestibility and gas production of agro-industrial by-products fed to sheep. This was done to determine the effectiveness of agro by-products as alternative feedstuff for sheep to reduce the importation of foreign feed ingredients. Two alternative feeds were formulated using the following by products: cocoa hulls and shells (CHS), coconut seed meal (CSM), powdered bean (PB), Moruga Hill rice bran (RB), Moruga Hill rice hulls (RH), corn stover (CS) and seaweed. In vitro gas production was measured for all three feeds treatments for a total of 72h. The three feed treatments consisted of a formulated sheep and goat ration from a local feed mill (T1) and two pelleted feeds prepared using alternative feed ingredients that were mentioned above (T2 and T3). Chemical composition of the commercial feed (T1) had higher crude protein content (CP) than the alternative feeds. However, dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), ash, NDF, ADF and ADL were higher in the alternative feeds. In vitro, ruminal fermentation kinetics results showed that gas production from the immediately soluble fraction (a) was significantly different (p < 0.05) for the T1 as compared to T2 and T3. Potential degradability (PD) also showed a significant difference (p < 0.05) between the feed treatments. Fermentation parameters showed that there was a significant difference for metabolizable energy (ME) for all tree feeds (p < 0.05), organic matter degradability and methane (CH4) production was significantly different (p < 0.05) for the commercial feed (T1) compared to the alternative feeds (T2, T3). The agricultural by product feeds had slower degradability in comparison to the conventional feeds. However, the alterative feeds had less gas and methane production in comparison to the conventional feeds. Thus, the agricultural by product feeds can be utilized as an alternative to feed sheep due to its low gas and methane production. Therefore, these by-product feeds can be a suitable alternative for sustainable sheep production in the tropics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Digestibility and Fermentation Kinetics of Agricultural By-product used as feed for Sheep in Trinidad, West Indies

Daniella,

Hughes,

Jones

2023

Preprint

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In vitro ruminal fermentation kinetics of alternative supplemental feeds formulated with by-products from food crops

Scott,

John,

Jones

2024

Preprint

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Commercial feed is an important component of ruminant production systems in Trinidad and Tobago. However, most farmers are unable to afford commercial feeds because of recent hike in prices and has resorted to available alternative feedstuffs. This study evaluated the in vitro ruminal fermentation kinetics and fermentation profile of two alternative supplemental feeds formulated from available agriculture by-products to determine their usefulness as alternatives to commercial feeds for small ruminants. Two iso-nitrogenous and iso-caloric alternative supplemental feeds were formulated with available agriculture by-products (cocoa hulls and shells, coconut meal, powdered bean, rice bran, rice hulls and corn stover). One was formulated without coconut meal (Supp.-CM) and the other without corn stover (Supp.-CS). In vitro ruminal gas production of the alternative supplemental feeds and a commercial feed was measured at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12,18, 24, 36, 48, and 72 hours after incubation with buffered rumen inoculum. Gas production rate peaked 6-hours post incubation in the commercial feed and around 12–18-hours post incubation in the alternative supplemental feeds. The gas produced for the immediately soluble fraction (a) and potential degradability (PD) was highest in the commercial feed. However, gas production from the insoluble fraction (b) was similar for the commercial feed and Supp.-CS (246–262 g/kg− 1). Gas production rate constant for insoluble fraction (c), the lag phase, ruminal pH and partitioning factor (PF) did not differ between feed types. The estimated amount of methane produced from the alternative supplemental feeds (49.1 ml/g DM− 1) were significantly lower than the commercial feed (40.5–41.5 ml/g DM− 1) while organic matter digestibility (iOMD) was highest in the commercial feed (586 g/kg). Supplemental feeds from available agriculture by-products has potential to be used as alternatives to commercial concentrate feeds for ruminants in Trinidad and Tobago due to comparable fermentation efficiency (PF), fermentation of insoluble fraction and reduced estimated methane production. However, potential deleterious effects of Supp.-CM and Supp.-CS at the on-set of ruminal fermentation is concerning and may require further investigation.

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Cost-effectiveness of Total Mixed Ration with Varying Crude Protein Levels for Feeding Dorper Lambs for Human Consumption

Cited by 2 publications

References 18 publications

In Vitro Digestibility and Fermentation Kinetics of Agricultural By-product used as feed for Sheep in Trinidad, West Indies

In Vitro Digestibility and Fermentation Kinetics of Agricultural By-product used as feed for Sheep in Trinidad, West Indies

In vitro ruminal fermentation kinetics of alternative supplemental feeds formulated with by-products from food crops

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