Cost-Effective MIL-53(Cr) Metal–Organic Framework-Based Supercapacitors Encompassing Fast-Ion (Li⁺/H⁺/Na⁺) Conductors

Abstract

A chromium-based low-cost metal−organic framework (MOF) cathode, MIL (Mateŕiaux de l′Institut Lavoisier)-53(Cr), is coupled with a bioderived porous carbon (BPC) anode, produced from abundantly available agricultural waste betel nut shells in an asymmetric supercapacitor, for the first time. The impact of the electrolyte on the electrochemical behavior of an asymmetric BPC//MIL-53(Cr) supercapacitor was assessed by constructing cells with the following electrolytes: proton-conducting camphorsulfonic acid (CSA), Li + -ion-conducting solutions of LiClO 4 , Na + -ion-conducting sodium poly(4-styrene sulfonate) solution, and ionic liquid (IL:1-butyl-1-methyl-pyrrolidinium trifluoromethanesulfonate)-based solutions. The aqueous H + -ion-based CSA electrolyte shows a superior ionic conductivity (270 mS cm −1 ) and an enhanced transport number (0.96), carries larger ionic currents, and retains high conductivity even at subambient temperatures, clearly outperforming all the other Li + /Na + /IL electrolytes. The BPC/aqueous CSA or LiClO 4 /MIL-53(Cr) supercapacitors show enhanced storage performances, with the H + cell having a specific capacitance of 70 F g −1 and energy and power density maxima of 9.7 Wh kg −1 and 0.25 kW kg −1 and enduring 10 4 cycles. A detailed account of the dependence of the electrolyte cation/ anion-and solvent-type on electrochemical charge storage provides a basis for adapting these design principles to developing highperformance MOF-based supercapacitors.

One-pot synthesis of porous crystal structured nanosponge-like pristine copper metal–organic framework for hybrid supercapacitor application

“…According to conservation of charge, the mass ratio of the active material on the anode and cathode are calculated using eqn ( 9)- (11).…”

“…To improve their energy density, electrode materials with a high surface area are preferred, which is achieved by the suitable design and control of macropores, mesopores, and micropores in the electrode materials. 11…”

“…To improve their energy density, electrode materials with a high surface area are preferred, which is achieved by the suitable design and control of macropores, mesopores, and micropores in the electrode materials. 11 Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are new emerging engineerable materials. 12,13 MOF properties like tunable porous structures, designable morphologies, crystalline structures, controllable compositions, built-in redox-active metal centers, permeability to electrolytic ions, and specific catalytic activities have provided an excellent opportunity for both scientific and technological researchers to design materials with suitable properties desirable for real-life applications.…”

Enhanced ionic diffusion interface in hierarchical metal-organic framework@layered double hydroxide for high-performance hybrid supercapacitors

“…Recently, employing metal organic frameworks (MOFs) with high specific surface area and abundant transition metal sites as precursors, successfully assembled a variety of porous MOF/LDHs for serving as electrode materials in SCs [19][20][21]. For instance, porous Ni-LDH/Ni-MOF and hollow NiFe 2 O 4 -NiCo-LDH@rGO were hydrothermally synthesized, showing satisfied specific capacitance and rate capability.…”

Efficient Synthesis and Electrochemical Investigation of Co3O4:PdO/Pd Nanocomposite for High‐Performance Supercapacitor Electrode Material

“…[19,20] However, the synthesis of such MOFs-based hybrid materials required expensive reagents, a complicated method. [21,22] Therefore, sustainable synthesis of electrode material using a simple, cost-effective, and eco-friendly method is crucial for energy storage applications. In this work, we introduced a sustainable eco-friendly synthesis method to prepare binary metal oxides porous structure of Co 3 O 4 :PdO/Pd nanocomposite using different organic compounds of the Euphorbia (E.) cognata Boiss plant leaves part.…”