Cost-Effective and Scalable Solar Interface Evaporators Derived from Industry Waste for Efficient Solar Steam Generation

Abstract

Interfacial solar steam generation for sustainable and eco-friendly desalination and wastewater treatment has attracted much attention. However, costly raw materials and complex preparation processes pose constant challenges to its wide promotion. Herein, a novel, cost-effective, and scalable strategy is presented for preparing solar interface evaporators using industrial waste as a raw material. Modified polyethylene foam evaporators (M-EPEs) are simply prepared by drilling and then hydrophilic modification of industrial waste (EPE-1). M-EPEs not only retain the strong mechanical properties and thermal insulating properties (0.047 W·m–1·K–1) of EPE-1 but also exhibit superhydrophilicity and strong light absorption (over 90%). M-EPEs achieve a high evaporation rate of 1.497 kg·m–2·h–1 and photothermal efficiency of up to 93.8% under 1 kW·m–2 solar illumination. Moreover, it has excellent stability and salt tolerance. Our work addresses the environmental issues of recycling polyethylene waste and provides a facile and efficient strategy for designing low-cost, large-scale solar interface evaporators for desalination.