Cost and cost‐effectiveness of transitioning to universal initiation of lifelong antiretroviral therapy for allHIV‐positive pregnant and breastfeeding women in Swaziland

Abstract

The cost and cost-effectiveness outcomes from this study indicate that there is a robust economic case for pursuing the Option B+ approach in Swaziland and similar settings such as South Africa. Furthermore, these costs can be used to aid decision making and budgeting, for similar settings transitioning to test and treat strategy.

Cost variations in prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission services integrated within maternal and child health services in rural Tanzania

“…The study in Ethiopia collected data for 2013-2014, and found the unit cost (in 2014 US$) per pregnant woman-infant pair per year averaged US$701 US (SD US$324) in urban health facilities and US$302 (SD US$53) in rural health facilities (Zegeye et al, 2019). In Eswatini, cost data were collected from 2013 to 2015 and the researchers estimated the cost (in 2015 US$) per PMTCT patient treated per month was US$183 (Cunnama et al, 2018). These studies measure the costs of different units of PMTCT services to the study presented here so it is difficult to make direct comparisons.…”

Effects of in-hospital breast feeding on brain function development in preterm infants in China: study protocol for a prospective longitudinal cohort study

“…55 BF impacts the health economics of developing countries, improves the health of mothers and infants and reduces social inequities while reducing the incidence of infectious diseases, especially for disadvantaged children in poor areas. [56][57][58][59] This study explores the association of different proportions in breast milk exposure with brain development in preterm infants. The proportion of breast milk exposure may be a cost-effective neurodevelopment predictor in preterm infants.…”

Standardized framework for evaluating costs of active case-finding programs: An analysis of two programs in Cambodia and Tajikistan

“…Therefore, we were not able to capture uncertainties in cost estimates that may arise due to variabilities in operations and workloads that may depend on operational settings conditions. [24,26,30] This limitation can be overcome by designing costing studies alongside the program development and implementation to include staff timeuse surveys or time and motion and tracking operational statistics so that these data can help inform cost allocation mechanisms, describe uncertainties in cost estimates associated with operational variabilities and activity-specific inefficiencies [24,31]. Subsequently, we recommend that costs be routinely evaluated so that variability in operations and settings can be captured and reflected as part of the cost reports.…”