COSORE: A community database for continuous soil respiration and other soil‐atmosphere greenhouse gas flux data

Bond‐Lamberty, Ben; Christianson, Danielle; Malhotra, Avni; Pennington, Stephanie C.; Sihi, Debjani; AghaKouchak, Amir; Anjileli, Hassan; Arain, M. Altaf; Armestó, Juan J.; Ashraf, Samaneh; Ataka, Mioko; Baldocchi, Dennis; Black, T. Andrew; Buchmann, Nina; Carbone, Mariah S.; Chang, Shih Chieh; Crill, Patrick; Curtis, Peter S.; Davidson, Eric A.; Desai, Ankur R.; Drake, John E.; El‐Madany, Tarek S.; Gavazzi, Michael; Görres, Carolyn-Monika; Gough, Christopher M.; Goulden, Michael L.; Gregg, Jillian W.; Arroyo, O. Gutiérrez del; He, Jin Sheng; Hirano, Takashi; Hopple, Anya M.; Hughes, Holly; Järveoja, Järvi; Jassal, Rachhpal S.; Jian, Jinshi; Kan, Haiming; Kaye, Jason P.; Kominami, Yuji; Liang, Naishen; Lipson, David A.; Macdonald, Catriona A.; Maseyk, Kadmiel; Mathes, Kayla; Mauritz, Marguerite; Mayes, Melanie A.; McNulty, Steven G.; Miao, Guofang; Migliavacca, Mirco; Miller, S. D.; Miniat, Chelcy Ford; Nietz, Jennifer Goedhart; Nilsson, Mats; Noormets, Asko; Norouzi, Hamidreza; O’Connell, Christine; Osborne, Bruce; Oyonarte, Cecilio; Pang, Zhuo; Peichl, Matthias; Pendall, Elise; Perez‐Quezada, Jorge F.; Phillips, Claire L.; Phillips, Richard P.; Raich, James W.; Renchon, Alexandre A.; Ruehr, Nadine K.; Sánchez‐Cañete, Enrique P.; Saunders, Matthew; Savage, K. E.; Schrumpf, Marion; Scott, Russell L.; Seibt, Ulli; Silver, Whendee L.; Sun, Wu; Szutu, Daphne; Takagi, Kentaro; Takagi, Masahiro; Teramoto, Masaaki; Tjoelker, Mark G.; Trumbore, Susan E.; Ueyama, Masahito; Vargas, Rodrigo; Varner, R. K.; Verfaillie, Joseph; Vogel, Christoph S.; Wang, Jinsong; Winston, G.; Wood, Tana E.; Wu, Juying; Wutzler, Thomas; Zeng, Jiye; Zha, Tianshan; Zhang, Quan; Zou, Junliang

doi:10.1111/gcb.15353

Cited by 54 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…From SRDB‐V5 we showed that approximately 85% of R S measurements do not measure 24 hr continuously, and likely many more of R S estimated from non‐continuous measurement will be reported in the future due to its low cost and portability. We thus suggest that linking SRDB‐V5 (strength at spatial coverage, Jian & Bond‐Lamberty, 2020) with COSORE (strength at temporal resolution, Bond‐Lamberty et al, 2020) in the future could provide an opportunity for better understanding global R S spatiotemporal variability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…To test the effect of measurement frequency, a comparison of two methods at different sampling frequencies or resampling from continuous measurements can be used to test the effect of measurement frequency. Evaluating the effect of measurement duration and frequency in depth is outside the scope of this paper, but a new community database for continuous soil respiration (COSORE, Bond‐Lamberty et al, 2020) provides an opportunity to test it in the future.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Annual estimates of R S may also be biased from variation in measurement frequency (when using point measurement methods) and measurement duration and timing (when using instantaneous methods; measurement duration will be referred to as measurement timing hereon). Most R S measurements are collected during the day and not continuously over 24 hr, although this is changing (Bond-Lamberty et al, 2020). In SRDB-V5, approximately 85% of annual R S values are derived from point measurements during the day (not 24 hr continuously measured) ( Figure 1b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Collar Properties and Measurement Time Confer Minimal Bias Overall on Annual Soil Respiration Estimates in a Global Database

et al. 2020

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Measuring the soil-to-atmosphere carbon dioxide (CO 2) flux (soil respiration, R S) is important to understanding terrestrial carbon balance and to forecasting climate change. Such measurements are frequently made using measurement collars permanently inserted into the soil surface. However, differences in measurement duration and frequency, as well as collar properties, may lead to biases in the estimation of annual R S. Using a newly updated global R S database (SRDB-V5), we investigated the annual R S bias associated with five methodological factors: collar height, collar coverage area, collar insertion depth, measurement duration, and measurement frequency. We found that annual R S was negatively correlated with collar insertion depth, consistent with the idea that collar insertion cuts roots and thus reduces R S. Annual R S was also negatively related with collar height and collar coverage area, perhaps because uniform head-space mixing is difficult to achieve in larger volume chambers; however, these effects were quantitatively small (bias of~2% to 10% of mean R S). We found no correlation of measurement duration or measurement frequency with annual R S. These findings suggest that variation in R S methodology generally introduces minimal bias overall. Therefore, compilations of minimally adjusted annual R S measurements provide a reliable resource for synthesis studies, global annual R S modeling, and investigation of how soil carbon responds to climate change. Plain Language Summary Soil-to-atmosphere carbon dioxide (CO 2) is the second largest component in the terrestrial carbon cycle; thus, our ability to balance the terrestrial carbon budget and forecast climate change relies upon accurate measurements of this process. Collars permanently installed in the soil are commonly used to measure soil-to-atmosphere CO 2. However, differences in collar properties, measurement duration, and measurement frequency may lead to biases in the estimation of annual soil-to-atmosphere CO 2 amount. While many studies on the methodology for measuring soil-to-atmosphere CO 2 have been conducted, a comprehensive evaluation of the influence of collar properties and measurement duration on annual soil-to-atmosphere CO 2 variability has not been investigated before. In this study, we use a global data set to analyze soil-to-atmosphere CO 2 measurement bias related to collar properties and measurement duration. We found that annual soil-to-atmosphere CO 2 amount negatively correlated with collar height and insertion depth but showed no significant relationship to measurement duration and measurement frequency. Overall, collar properties and measurement duration contributed minimal bias. The results provide strong support for compiling site-scale soil-to-atmosphere CO 2 measurements to support synthesis analysis, as well as global soil-to-atmosphere CO 2 modeling.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Collar Properties and Measurement Time Confer Minimal Bias Overall on Annual Soil Respiration Estimates in a Global Database

et al. 2020

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“…We begin with a detailed description of the Rs response to heatwaves at the San Joaquin Marsh Reserve (SJMR) site. We then extend our framework and analysis to ten other sites, from the continuous soil respiration database (COSORE v0.5) 36 , across the CONUS to better understand how different soils and climatic characteristics impact such findings. Using a conditional multivariate model, we tested the hypothesis that heatwaves significantly change Rs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extreme heat events heighten soil respiration

Anjileli

Huning

Moftakhari

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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In the wake of climate change, extreme events such as heatwaves are considered to be key players in the terrestrial biosphere. In the past decades, the frequency and severity of heatwaves have risen substantially, and they are projected to continue to intensify in the future. One key question is therefore: how do changes in extreme heatwaves affect the carbon cycle? Although soil respiration (Rs) is the second largest contributor to the carbon cycle, the impacts of heatwaves on Rs have not been fully understood. Using a unique set of continuous high frequency in-situ measurements from our field site, we characterize the relationship between Rs and heatwaves. We further compare the Rs response to heatwaves across ten additional sites spanning the contiguous United States (CONUS). Applying a probabilistic framework, we conclude that during heatwaves Rs rates increase significantly, on average, by ~ 26% relative to that of non-heatwave conditions over the CONUS. Since previous in-situ observations have not measured the Rs response to heatwaves (e.g., rate, amount) at the high frequency that we present here, the terrestrial feedback to the carbon cycle may be underestimated without capturing these high frequency extreme heatwave events.

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“…This dynamic physiological regulation of leaf respiration calls into question the validity of estimating daytime R eco from night-time measurements (Keenan et al, 2019;Wehr et al, 2016). R soil has been measured continuously at an increasing number of sites (Bond-Lamberty et al, 2020) and can provide a check of consistency for eddy-covariance based R eco estimates, because R eco = R soil + R AG . This constraint indicates that R eco should be larger in absolute magnitude compared to R soil , and the difference in temporal dynamic between R eco and R soil should be a result of the R AG temporal dynamic (Barba et al, 2018;Phillips et al, 2017;Wang et al, 2017).…”

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confidence: 99%

Concurrent Measurements of Soil and Ecosystem Respiration in a Mature Eucalypt Woodland: Advantages, Lessons, and Questions

et al. 2021

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Ecosystem respiration (R eco), the second largest flux in the terrestrial carbon cycle after gross primary productivity (Friedlingstein et al., 2019), is challenging to quantify in tall canopy ecosystems, such as forests. Indirect, bottom-up approaches consist of separately measuring respiration components (soil, leaf, and stem), scaling-up in space using structural information (bare ground area, stem area, and leaf area), and eventually

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COSORE: A community database for continuous soil respiration and other soil‐atmosphere greenhouse gas flux data

Abstract: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Cited by 54 publications

References 76 publications

Collar Properties and Measurement Time Confer Minimal Bias Overall on Annual Soil Respiration Estimates in a Global Database

Collar Properties and Measurement Time Confer Minimal Bias Overall on Annual Soil Respiration Estimates in a Global Database

Extreme heat events heighten soil respiration

Concurrent Measurements of Soil and Ecosystem Respiration in a Mature Eucalypt Woodland: Advantages, Lessons, and Questions

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