Cosmic Ray Effects on Microelectronics. Part 1. The Near-Earth Particle Environment

Adams, J. H.; Silberberg, R.; Tsao, C. H.

doi:10.21236/ada103897

Cited by 169 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…• at this longitude (Adams et al 1981). The estimates in the dipole approximation give geomagnetic cutoffs in the electron spectra close to the horizon in the eastern and western directions at 9.4 GeV and 33 GeV, respectively.…”

Section: Background Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Exploring physics of rotation powered pulsars with sub-10 GeV imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes

Aharonian

Bogovalov

2003

New Astronomy

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Section: Background Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Exploring physics of rotation powered pulsars with sub-10 GeV imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes

Aharonian

Bogovalov

2003

New Astronomy

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“…Silberberg et al (1985) calculated the annual dose equivalent based on the data of GCRs which was reported by Adams and Shapiro (1985) with CREME model (Adams, Silberberg and Tsao, 1981). They numerically estimated the dose on the lunar surface as 300 mSv/yr from GCRs and 15 mSv/yr from neutrons during the period of solar activity at minimum by the use of their transportation model in the lunar soil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation Doses for Human Exposed to Galactic Cosmic Rays and Their Secondary Products on the Lunar Surface

et al. 2008

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On the lunar surface, every human being would be exposed to galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) and their secondary products such as gamma rays and neutrons. For the human activity on the lunar surface in the future, it is important to estimate the effect of these particles on radiation doses. The annual ambient dose equivalent on the lunar surface was estimated on the basis of the latest observational data of GCRs. It is found that the annual ambient dose equivalent amount to about 570 mSv/yr during the intermediate period between the maximum and the minimum phases of the solar activity. This amount of dose is mainly produced from primary components of GCRs heavier than proton and helium nuclei. The annual ambient dose equivalent due to iron nuclei during this period is about 130 mSv/yr, more than 20% of the total dose on the lunar surface. Moreover, the dose due to these neutrons among the secondary particles reaches 50 mSv/yr, suggesting that the dose due to neutrons must be considered from the viewpoint of the human activity on the lunar surface.

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“…From this figure the maximum area of the Z-80 GPR memory cell is 3141 Um 2 (3.141 x 1OE-5 cm 2 ). Since each memory cell contains two bits, the maximum area of a single bit is taken to be 1570 jim 2 (1.57 x IOE-5 cm 2 )…”

Section: General Purpose Registersmentioning

confidence: 99%

SEU (Single Event Upset) Vulnerability of the Zilog Z-80 and NSC-800 Microprocessors,

Koga¹,

Kolasinski²,

King³

et al. 1986

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Cosmic Ray Effects on Microelectronics. Part 1. The Near-Earth Particle Environment

Cited by 169 publications

References 36 publications

Exploring physics of rotation powered pulsars with sub-10 GeV imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes

Exploring physics of rotation powered pulsars with sub-10 GeV imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes

Radiation Doses for Human Exposed to Galactic Cosmic Rays and Their Secondary Products on the Lunar Surface

SEU (Single Event Upset) Vulnerability of the Zilog Z-80 and NSC-800 Microprocessors,

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