Cosmic Ray Effects on Microelectronics

Adams, J. H.; Silberberg, R.; Tsao, C. H.

doi:10.1109/tns.1982.4335821

Cited by 95 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Furthermore, these techniques should be explored for a range of space weather events for which early warning applications may be relevant. Predictive modelling of space weather phenomena could be beneficial to a diverse array of research areas including microelectronic functioning [9], solar-geomagnetic [1] and interplanetary conditions [16], and even human biology [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various health risks have been associated with cosmic radiation, particularly at aircraft altitudes [7] and, of course, outside of the Earth's atmosphere [8]. However, various effects of CR events have also been revealed within microelectronic systems [9]. For the present study, combination of wavelet decomposition and ANN input-output fitting procedures were adapted from Krishna et al [4] and employed in order to predict the average daily CR impulses per minute 30 days (~1 month) in advance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combination of Wavelet Analysis and Artificial Neural Networks Applied to Forecast of Daily Cosmic Ray Impulses

Caswell¹

2014

ILCPA

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Artificial neural network modelling has proven incredibly effective in an impressively wide range of scientific disciplines. The combination of these various methods with wavelet decomposition signal processing has similarly proven to be a powerful development for statistical forecasting of a number of environmental processes. Space weather modelling and prediction has often been applied to forecasting of solar activity and that of the planetary magnetic field. However, prediction of cosmic ray impulses has seen little development in the context of neural network modelling. In the present study, a combination of wavelet neural networks was adapted from previous research in order to predict daily average values of cosmic ray impulses 30 days in advance. Additional comparison of both neural network and linear regression modelling with and without wavelet decomposition was conducted for further demonstration of increased accuracy with wavelet neural networks in a simple input-output fitting model.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combination of Wavelet Analysis and Artificial Neural Networks Applied to Forecast of Daily Cosmic Ray Impulses

Caswell¹

2014

ILCPA

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“…At present the GCR model developed at SINP MSU most completely describes the dynamics of all the GCR components (1≤ Z ≤ 92) in a wide range of energies E=1-10 5 MeV/nucleon (Nymmik et al, 1995). The GCR/SINP models provide a more adequate description of the behavior of the main nuclear components as well as electrons, than the widely used CREME model (Adams, 1985). The dynamic GCR/SINP model establishes a direct connection between the particle fluxes and solar activity (the Wolf number -: ).…”

Section: Empirical Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are restricted to extreme cases, and, as a rule, provide only the proton flux. Hence, in the CREME (Adams, 1985) model, all the SEP events are reduced to 'ordinary', 'worst case' and 'anomalously large' types. In this model, the proton energy spectra for the first two types of events are represented by the sum of two exponential functions of energy, and the 'anomalously large' event is described by the extreme SEP of August 1972 (and subsequently by the mean of the August 1992 and February 1956 events).…”

Section: Empirical Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Space Storms and Space Weather Hazards

Daglis¹

2001

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Subject Terms Report Classification unclassified Classification of this page unclassified Classification of Abstract unclassified Limitation of Abstract UU Number of Pages 486REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, -to review recent spacecraft measurements that have provided new insight into the dynamics and effects of space storms; -to review space weather hazards associated with space storms and pertinent to the operation of technological systems in space and on ground;-to discuss and assess methods of space weather forecasting, as well as national and international initiatives towards an efficient development of space climatology.Space weather, the invisible but nevertheless effective result of solar activity and solar-terrestrial coupling, has affected the operations of communication systems since the appearance of telegraph in the 19th century, though as an unknown trouble factor. Nowadays, the effects of space weather affect in various ways all communication modes, from cable to wireless to space-based systems. Moreover, space weather hazards include malfunction or even permanent damage of power distribution grids and of telecommunication, navigation and surveillance satellites, disturbances of over-the-horizon (OTH) radar, HF, VHF and UHF communications, surveying and navigation systems that use Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites, surveillance (optical and radar), and satellite tracking. Space weather influences on the Earth's weather and climate is still a developing topic. Little is known concerning the biological effects of space weather, especially regarding astronauts.This Institute could not be timelier. Space Weather, which has been defined as "conditions on the sun and in the solar wind, magnetosphere, ionosphere, and thermosphere that can influence the performance and reliability of space-and ground-based technological systems and can endanger human life", encompasses a broad range of phenomena impacting both space science and technology. The effects of Space Weather, while present throughout the solar cycle, gain particular prominence around the peak of the 11-year sunspot activity; the maximum of cycle 23 occurred in summer 2000.The fact that this ASI on Space Weather was held in Europe is particularly appropriate. European countries host a considerable repository of knowledge and world-class facilities in this field. Nevertheless, while Space Weather activities in c...

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“…An earlier event in February 1956 observed by neutron monitors (see Dorman et al 2004) is thought to have had an extremely hard spectrum making it more significant for effects resulting from incident particles of higher energies (>500 MeV). These two SPEs formed the basis for the worstcase events produced for the CREME-86 model (Adams 1986). However, it is difficult to derive (in the case of February 1956) or validate (in the case of August 1972) the fluxes for these SPEs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The magnitude and effects of extreme solar particle events

Jiggens

Chavy-Macdonald

Santin

et al. 2014

J. Space Weather Space Clim.

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The solar energetic particle (SEP) radiation environment is an important consideration for spacecraft design, spacecraft mission planning and human spaceflight. Herein is presented an investigation into the likely severity of effects of a very large Solar Particle Event (SPE) on technology and humans in space. Fluences for SPEs derived using statistical models are compared to historical SPEs to verify their appropriateness for use in the analysis which follows. By combining environment tools with tools to model effects behind varying layers of spacecraft shielding it is possible to predict what impact a large SPE would be likely to have on a spacecraft in Near-Earth interplanetary space or geostationary Earth orbit. Also presented is a comparison of results generated using the traditional method of inputting the environment spectra, determined using a statistical model, into effects tools and a new method developed as part of the ESA SEPEM Project allowing for the creation of an effect time series on which statistics, previously applied to the flux data, can be run directly. The SPE environment spectra is determined and presented as energy integrated proton fluence (cm À2 ) as a function of particle energy (in MeV). This is input into the SHIELDOSE-2, MULASSIS, NIEL, GRAS and SEU effects tools to provide the output results. In the case of the new method for analysis, the flux time series is fed directly into the MULASSIS and GEMAT tools integrated into the SEPEM system. The output effect quantities include total ionising dose (in rads), non-ionising energy loss (MeV g À1 ), single event upsets (upsets/bit) and the dose in humans compared to established limits for stochastic (or cancer-causing) effects and tissue reactions (such as acute radiation sickness) in humans given in grey-equivalent and sieverts respectively.

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Cosmic Ray Effects on Microelectronics

Cited by 95 publications

References 3 publications

Combination of Wavelet Analysis and Artificial Neural Networks Applied to Forecast of Daily Cosmic Ray Impulses

Combination of Wavelet Analysis and Artificial Neural Networks Applied to Forecast of Daily Cosmic Ray Impulses

Space Storms and Space Weather Hazards

The magnitude and effects of extreme solar particle events

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