Cosmic Neutrinos and the Cosmic-Ray Accelerator TXS 0506+056

Halzen, F.

doi:10.22323/1.358.0021

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…High-energy astrophysical neutrinos in the TeV-PeV energy range, discovered by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory [1][2][3][4][5][6][7], offer unprecedented insight into astrophysics [6,[8][9][10][11][12] and fundamental physics [13][14][15][16]. On the astrophysical side, they may reveal the identity of the most energetic non-thermal sources in the Universe, located at cosmological-scale distances away from us.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The future of high-energy astrophysical neutrino flavor measurements

Song

Argüelles

et al. 2021

J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.

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We critically examine the ability of future neutrino telescopes, including Baikal-GVD, KM3NeT, P-ONE, TAMBO, and IceCube-Gen2, to determine the flavor composition of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos in light of data from next-generation of neutrino oscillation experiments including JUNO, DUNE, and Hyper-Kamiokande. By 2040, the region of allowed flavor composition at Earth will shrink ten-fold, and the flavor composition at the astrophysical sources of the neutrinos will be inferred to within 6%, enough to pinpoint the dominant neutrino production mechanism and to identify possible sub-dominant mechanisms. These conclusions hold even in the nonstandard scenario where neutrino mixing is non-unitary, a scenario that will be probed in next-generation experiments such as the IceCube-Upgrade. As an illustration, we show that future experiments are sensitive to decay rates of the heavier neutrinos to below 1.8 × 10-5 (m/eV) s-1 at 95% credibility by 2040.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The future of high-energy astrophysical neutrino flavor measurements

Song

Argüelles

et al. 2021

J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.

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We critically examine the ability of future neutrino telescopes, including Baikal-GVD, KM3NeT, P-ONE, TAMBO, and IceCube-Gen2, to determine the flavor composition of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos in light of data from next-generation of neutrino oscillation experiments including JUNO, DUNE, and Hyper-Kamiokande. By 2040, the region of allowed flavor composition at Earth will shrink ten-fold, and the flavor composition at the astrophysical sources of the neutrinos will be inferred to within 6%, enough to pinpoint the dominant neutrino production mechanism and to identify possible sub-dominant mechanisms. These conclusions hold even in the nonstandard scenario where neutrino mixing is non-unitary, a scenario that will be probed in next-generation experiments such as the IceCube-Upgrade. As an illustration, we show that future experiments are sensitive to decay rates of the heavier neutrinos to below 1.8 × 10-5 (m/eV) s-1 at 95% credibility by 2040.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Future of High-Energy Astrophysical Neutrino Flavor Measurements

Song,

Li,

Argüelles

et al. 2020

Preprint

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We critically examine the ability of future neutrino telescopes, including Baikal-GVD, KM3NeT, P-ONE, TAMBO, and IceCube-Gen2, to determine the flavor composition of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos, i.e., the relative number of νe, νµ, and ντ , in light of improving measurements of the neutrino mixing parameters. Starting in 2020, we show how measurements by JUNO, DUNE, and Hyper-Kamiokande will affect our ability to determine the regions of flavor composition at Earth that are allowed by neutrino oscillations under different assumptions of the flavor composition that is emitted by the astrophysical sources. From 2020 to 2040, the error on inferring the flavor composition at the source will improve from > 40% to less than 6%. By 2040, under the assumption that pion decay is the principal production mechanism of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos, a sub-dominant mechanism could be constrained to contribute less than 20% of the flux at 99.7% credibility. These conclusions are robust in the nonstandard scenario where neutrino mixing is non-unitary, a scenario that is the target of next-generation experiments, in particular the IceCube-Upgrade. Finally, to illustrate the improvement in using flavor composition to test beyond-the-Standard-Model physics, we examine the possibility of neutrino decay and find that, by 2040, combined neutrino telescope measurements will be able to limit the decay rate of the heavier neutrinos to below 1.8 × 10 −5 (m/eV) s −1 , at 95% credibility.

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“…Energies of neutrinos causing cascade events are determined much more precisely, thus allowing one to reconstruct a binned differential spectrum. Moreover, particular techniques have been applied by IceCube to separate a clean subsample of cascades dominated by ν e and ν τ [14,15]. We use these data to determine the ratio of the mean flux of ν e and ν τ to that of ν µ in the energy bins for which both analyses are valid, that is between ∼ 15 TeV and ∼ 5 PeV.…”

Section: Comparison Of Icecube ν µ and ν E + ν τ Fluxesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy-dependent flavor ratios, cascade/track spectrum tension and high-energy neutrinos from magnetospheres of supermassive black holes

Riabtsev¹,

Troitsky²

2022

Preprint

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The IceCube neutrino observatory measures the diffuse flux of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos by means of various techniques, and there exists a mild tension between spectra obtained in different analyses. The spectrum derived from reconstruction of muon tracks is harder than that from cascades, dominated by electron and tau neutrinos. If confirmed, this tension may provide a clue to the origin of these neutrinos, which remains uncertain. Here we investigate the possibility that this tension may be caused by the change of the flavor content of astrophysical neutrinos with energy. We assume that at higher energies, the flux contains more muon neutrinos than expected in the usually assumed flavor equipartition. This may happen if the neutrinos are produced in regions of the magnetic field so strong that muons, born in pi-meson decays, cool by synchrotron radiation faster than decay. The magnetic field of ∼ 10 4 G is required for this mechanism to be relevant for the IceCube results. We note that these field values are reachable in the immediate vicinity of supermassive black holes in active galactic nuclei and present a working toy model of the population of these potential neutrino sources. While this model predicts the required flavor ratios and describes the high-energy spectrum, it needs an additional component to explain the observed neutrino flux at lower energies.

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Cosmic Neutrinos and the Cosmic-Ray Accelerator TXS 0506+056

Cited by 4 publications

References 24 publications

The future of high-energy astrophysical neutrino flavor measurements

The future of high-energy astrophysical neutrino flavor measurements

The Future of High-Energy Astrophysical Neutrino Flavor Measurements

Energy-dependent flavor ratios, cascade/track spectrum tension and high-energy neutrinos from magnetospheres of supermassive black holes

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