Corynebacteriumendocarditis species-specific risk factors and outcomes

Abstract

Background: Corynebacterium species are recognized as uncommon agents of endocarditis, but little is known regarding species-specific risk factors and outcomes in Corynebacterium endocarditis.

Late-onset prosthetic valve endocarditis caused by nontoxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae

“…The age of this patient was in agreement with previous reports, where 80% patients suffering from NTCD endocarditis were under 30 years of age [6][7][8]11,22]. Several predisposing factors for NTCD infections have been identified; these include intravenous drug use, low socioeconomic conditions, alcoholism, homelessness, diabetes mellitus, hepatic cirrhosis, and dental caries in addition to immune-compromised status [6,7,12,22]. However, there is enough evidence suggesting that NTCD infections can occur in persons with no identifiable predisposing factors or concomitant diseases [7].…”

“…However, there is enough evidence suggesting that NTCD infections can occur in persons with no identifiable predisposing factors or concomitant diseases [7]. The presence of a prosthetic heart valve appears to be the most likely predisposition in this case, as a number of studies have reported that patients with valve replacement, preexisting cardiac disease, or abnormalities are at a higher risk for having Corynebacterium IE [4,7,11,22]. NTCD endocarditis has been described as an aggressive and destructive disease with frequent thrombo-embolic complications [10,11], which were also observed in this patient.…”

“…However, multidrugresistant C. diphtheriae strains have also been isolated [14], and NTCD strains resistant to penicillin and third-generation cephalosporins have been reported in patients with IE [10]. Since the mortality rate attributed to Corynebacterium endocarditis is high (43.4%) [22], effective and prompt patient-specific management, including clinical expertise, advanced cardiac imaging, and antibiotic therapy may also have contributed to better outcomes.…”

Cistitis y hematuria por Corynebacterium striatum: A propósito de un caso y revisión de la literatura científica

“…Los autores documentaron 14 casos de endocarditis por C. striatum en los que esta especie fue significativamente más frecuente en adultos que en niños; en la mayoría de los casos fue de origen nosocomial y se presentó como la especie con mayor tasa de supervivencia. No se encontraron, sin embargo, diferencias significativas en cuanto a sexo y la patología grave subyacente 33 .…”

Endocarditis due to Corynebacterium amycolatum

“…Paviour et al (2002) described the isolation of C. amycolatum strains from three patients with mastitis. A meta-analysis of 129 cases of Corynebacterium endocarditis involving nine species revealed that only C. amycolatum has a predilection for women (Belmares et al, 2007). The majority of infections due to C. amycolatum were in either immunocompromised patients or patients with intravascular devices (De Miguel-Martinez et al, 1996;Berner et al, 1997;Vaneechoutte et al, 1998;De Miguel et al, 1999;Oteo et al, 2001;Knox & Holmes, 2002;Chiu et al, 2005;Adderson et al, 2008).…”